第 1133 號，共 1 402 號

Night anemone

Phyllodiscus semoni

名字的由來： Its Japanese name, unbachi-isoginchaku, translates as "wasp-sea anemone".1

可能致命不要碰不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠螫了你，要趕快求救。

水母和會螫人的海洋生物

會螫人的觸手吃：肉

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The night anemone is a sea anemone, a soft animal related to jellyfish that attaches itself to the seabed. It lives in shallow seas in the central Indo-West Pacific, including Indonesia, the Philippines and southern Japan. It is venomous, and its sting can cause a painful injury that lasts a long time.1

分布在

Shallow seas of the central Indo-West Pacific, such as Indonesia, the Philippines and southern Japan.1

印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

首頁

It lives in shallow seas and attaches to the seabed by a broad base. Divers and swimmers may meet it in these shallow waters.1

長度

15 cm (5,9 in)3

一般成體大小

最高速度

大約 0,01 km/h（0,01 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

At night its oral disc opens and its tentacles spread out to catch zooplankton and small invertebrates.1

Night anemone 的照片 — Night anemone。照片：Bert W. Hoeksema & Andrea L. Crowther。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Has a broad base that attaches it to the seabed.1
Has branching, stalked outgrowths called pseudo-tentacles, which vary a lot between individuals.1
Some individuals look like smooth discs, branching coral, or dead coral rock covered in algae.1
The mouth ring has up to 160 long tentacles, seen when it is feeding at night.1

常被誤認為： It is often mistaken for corals, algae or dead coral rock, because it copies their shape and colour. During the day it pulls its mouth and tentacles inside, so it may not look like a sea anemone at all.1

毒液力量

會螫人的觸手

有東西碰到時，成千上萬個小小的刺細胞就會發射。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom contains several haemolytic toxins, which break down red blood cells. Human contact can cause severe dermatitis, with swelling and ulceration of the affected skin that may last for months. On rare occasions it causes acute kidney damage, and it is the first sea anemone whose venom has been shown to do this. The venom does not appear to affect other major organs.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

Its sting is painful and long-lasting. On rare occasions it can cause acute kidney damage.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It uses camouflage, mimicry and masquerade to blend into its surroundings, which helps it deceive prey and confuse predators.1

如果牠螫人

離開水裡，把觸手拿掉（戴手套或用布）。
熱帶箱形水母：在螫傷處倒醋至少 30 秒，求救，並準備好做心肺復甦術（CPR）。藍瓶水母和大多數其他水母：用海水沖洗，再用熱水止痛。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋紅海帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 5 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長比花園蝸牛還慢

Night anemone 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻海馬 大約 0,0015 km/h (0 mph)

Night anemone 大約 0,01 km/h (0,01 mph)

一隻花園蝸牛 大約 0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It was the first sea anemone found to have venom that damages the kidneys and can cause acute renal failure.1

Its venom kills shrimp and breaks down sheep red blood cells in laboratory tests.1

Its pseudo-tentacles contain symbiotic dinoflagellates, tiny organisms that photosynthesise, so it gets some energy from light.1

It hides its tentacles and mouth during the day, when it spreads out its pseudo-tentacles to catch sunlight.1

給毒液專家

學名: Phyllodiscus semoni
類群: 水母和會螫人的海洋生物
家人: Aliciidae2
排序: Actiniaria
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
寶寶: Colonies are likely clones formed by asexual reproduction, possibly by fragmentation when the anemone moves across the seabed.1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3