第 0380 號，共 1 402 號

Snouted night adder

Causus defilippii

名字的由來： The species name defilippii honours Italian zoologist Filippo De Filippi.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蝰蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The snouted night adder is a venomous snake with an upturned, pointed snout. It lives in parts of East and Southern Africa, in savanna, forest edges and rocky hillsides. Its venom is not lethal to humans, but doctors still treat its bites as medically significant.1

分布在

East Africa and Southern Africa, from Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo south to South Africa and Eswatini1

非洲

首頁

It lives in moist and dry savanna, coastal thickets and forests, from sea level up to about 1,800 m. It favours moist areas but is also found on dry, rocky hillsides and escarpments. When not basking, it hides in ground cover, brush piles and holes.1

長度

20 cm 到 35 cm (7,9 in 到 1,1 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,1 km/h（1,9 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds mainly on small amphibians, such as frogs. It is mostly terrestrial but sometimes climbs into low vegetation to hunt them, and it is also a good swimmer.1

Snouted night adder 的照片 — Snouted night adder。照片：Ryanvanhuyssteen。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Short, wide head with a prominent, pointed snout that turns upwards1
Light brown, pinkish brown, grey or grey-green body with 20 to 30 dark crescent-shaped markings running down the back, though these can be faint1
A V-shaped marking on the top of the head and a dark streak running backwards from behind the eye1
Yellowish or whitish belly, plain or with small grey-brown spots1
Young snakes are often glossy black or grey1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Little is known about its venom. Reported cases describe rapid swelling, fever, sometimes intense pain and occasionally swelling of the lymph glands. The swelling usually goes down after 2 to 3 days, and no cases of tissue death (necrosis) have been reported.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Its venom is not lethal to humans, but it is still considered medically significant. Only a few case histories exist.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When disturbed, it inflates its body and hisses, and it can strike quickly if threatened.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 11 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 120 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Snouted night adder 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Snouted night adder 大約 3,1 km/h (1,9 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is a good swimmer as well as a mostly ground-living snake.1

In captivity it soon becomes tame and unwilling to strike.1

Its common name refers to its prominent, upturned snout.1

It is nocturnal in general, but not entirely, so it can also be active by day.1

給毒液專家

學名: Causus defilippii
類群: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 非洲
寶寶: It lays eggs (oviparous). A clutch has six to eight eggs, and each hatchling is about 10 cm long including the tail.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3