第 0533 號，共 1 402 號

Southwestern speckled rattlesnake

Crotalus pyrrhus

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The southwestern speckled rattlesnake is a medium-sized venomous snake that lives among rocks in the desert southwest of the United States and north-western Mexico. It is active mostly at night and hunts small mammals. Its colours vary with the rocks and soil around it, so it can blend in well.1

分布在

Southern California, southern Nevada, southwestern Utah, western Arizona, and north-western Mexico (Sonora and northern Baja California)1

北美洲

首頁

It lives mostly in rocky country, including hillsides, canyons, talus slopes and rock ledges, and it shelters in rock crevices and mammal burrows during the day. In southern California it has sometimes been found in chaparral or cactus country, but it rarely strays far from rocks. It has been found at elevations above 1,500 m (5,000 feet).1

長度

30 cm 到 1,2 m (1 ft 到 3,9 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,6 km/h（2,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats mostly small mammals, though it also takes birds and lizards. Juveniles eat lizards especially. One large specimen had eaten a nearly grown cottontail rabbit.1

Southwestern speckled rattlesnake 的照片 — Southwestern speckled rattlesnake。照片：Athene cunicularia (talk) 16:54, 28 March 2008 (UTC). Original uploader was Athene cunicularia at en.wikipedia。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Ground colour may be pink, brown, grey, yellow or nearly white, speckled with black and white1
The pattern, if present, may be made of rhombs, bands or blotches1
The tail is ringed1
Adults average about 91 cm long and sometimes exceed 120 cm1
Mostly active at night, becoming more active by day during cooler months1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

This is a venomous snake, and its bite causes pain and tissue damage. In one case a bite on a thumb caused severe pain for about an hour, followed by discolouration, swelling and large blisters on the hand. In a second case, a bite on the heel first felt like a thorn prick, and within hours the calf was swollen and discoloured, with pain later spreading to the groin.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Two recorded bite cases both caused severe pain, swelling and discolouration.1

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

如果牠咬人

Bites are treated with antivenin in hospital, so get there fast.1
讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 7 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 100 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Southwestern speckled rattlesnake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Southwestern speckled rattlesnake 大約 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

One snake had eaten eight birds, most likely goldfinches, that had come to a small bird bath fountain at a desert camp.1

Its colours and patterns change with the rocks and soil where it lives, which helps it blend in.1

It is mostly active at night and shelters in rock crevices or mammal burrows during the heat of the day.1

Snake enthusiasts and the venomous snake trade often call it a 'speck', with local versions such as 'blue speck' and 'lava speck'.1

給毒液專家

學名: Crotalus pyrrhus
類群: 響尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young, up to 12 at a time. Newborns are about 30 cm long and mostly eat lizards.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3