第 0818 號，共 1 402 號

Turkish deathstalker

Leiurus abdullahbayrami

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠螫了你，要趕快求救。

螫吃：肉

The Turkish deathstalker is a scorpion from the family Buthidae. Its venom is highly toxic to humans, but scientists also use scorpion venom in medical research. It lives in dry, rocky places and usually keeps away from people.1

分布在

Turkey, in dry, semi-arid regions1

亞洲

首頁

It lives in rocky areas with short, scattered plants, in semi-arid regions with dry, chalky (calcareous) soils. It tends to keep away from human settlements.1

長度

9 cm (3,5 in)3

一般成體大小

最高速度

大約 1,8 km/h（1,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Scorpions eat beetles, grasshoppers, locusts, centipedes, spiders and ants, and can eat small snakes, lizards or rodents if they can hold on long enough. They catch or crush their prey and inject venom to kill it. They are nocturnal and can go weeks or months between meals.1

Turkish deathstalker 的照片 — Turkish deathstalker。照片：Dalik Klavalav。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Brown front body section (cephalothorax), with a yellow head, legs and tail.1
The very last segment of the tail is brown instead of yellow.1
Its pincers and other body parts are yellowish, against a mostly black background on the front body and tail.1

常被誤認為： It was once considered the same species as the deathstalker (L. quinquestriatus), but was reclassified as a separate species in 2009 based on mitochondrial DNA analysis. Its tail segments are shorter than those of the deathstalker.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom comes from two venom glands and is mainly made of proteins. It stimulates voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels, which control the electrical signals in nerves and muscles. Symptoms can be severe: after a sting, pain can come in waves with seizures, and blisters can form at the site of the sting.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

Only a small portion of scorpions are harmful to humans, but this species' venom is very toxic and can cause severe symptoms from a single sting. The sting is much worse in children, and it may pose a serious health threat to infants because of their small body weight.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its venom is used for self-defence as well as for hunting.1

如果牠螫人

Anyone who has been stung should have an early echocardiogram, which is a heart ultrasound, because the venom can affect the heart. In the case described, the patient was given sodium chloride (saline) and a local painkiller at hospital.1
用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 3 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 200 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Turkish deathstalker 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Turkish deathstalker 大約 1,8 km/h (1,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

In one recorded case, a sting on the thumb of a 30-year-old man caused pain, reddening, seizures and blisters, and he was unable to move his arm up for a time.1

When a male wants to mate, he injects a small dose of venom into the female to calm her before they move together in a dance-like pattern.1

In tests on rats, the venom of this species had a greater effect than the venom of the Arabian fat-tailed scorpion (Androctonus crassicauda).1

Its venom is studied for treating nervous, immune, infection, cardiovascular and cancer (neoplastic) diseases.1

Birds, bats and mice prey on scorpions, which is why they are more active on moonless nights.1

給毒液專家

學名: Leiurus abdullahbayrami
類群: 蠍子
家人: Buthidae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 亞洲
寶寶: The young, called scorplings, are born alive after 122 to 277 days, and a mother can give birth to 35 to 87 of them.1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3