第 0112 号，共 1 402 张

Aquatic coral snake

Micrurus surinamensis

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

咬伤吃：肉

The aquatic coral snake is a venomous snake that spends much of its time in water. It is one of the heaviest and sturdiest coral snakes, and it lives in the forests of northern South America. It is special because it swims well and can stay underwater for a long time.1

生活在

Northern South America: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela1

南美洲

首页

It prefers humid forests with low mountains and tropical forests along streams, rivers and other bodies of water. It can be common in humid lowland forest from near sea level up to 600 m.1

长度

80 cm到1.4 m (2.6 ft到4.4 ft)1

最高速度

约 5.3 公里/小时（3.3 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mainly eats swamp eels such as Synbranchus marmoratus, bony fishes such as Callichthys callichthys and Gymnotus carapo, amphibians, and other snakes.1

Aquatic coral snake的照片 — Aquatic coral snake。照片：dhfischer。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

The head is mainly red with black edging on the scales.1
The head is large with a long snout, and the eyes and nostrils sit higher on the head than in other coral snakes.1
The body has wide red rings separated by groups of three black rings, with narrow cream or yellowish rings between the black bands.1
The scales are smooth and shiny, and arranged in 15 rows.1
Adults usually measure 80 to 100 cm, tail included.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It blocks signals between nerves and muscles, which causes paralysis. Symptoms can include blurred vision, difficulty speaking, swallowing and walking, and breathing failure. In a well-reported case in the Amazon, the victim reached hospital about 20 minutes after the bite.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

Bites are rare, but the venom can cause paralysis of the cranial nerves and can be fatal. The estimated lethal dose for an adult human is 18–20 mg, which is higher than the 4–7 mg for smaller coral snake species. Because it is a large snake, it can carry a lot of venom, with an average yield of 56 mg and a maximum of 160 mg when milked by scientists.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it flattens its body and raises its tail.1

如果它咬人

A bite needs hospital care. In a recorded case, the victim needed mechanical ventilation because paralysis of the breathing muscles made it hard to breathe, and was given specific Micrurus antivenom.1
让人保持安静不动，尽快送医院，即使咬伤看起来很小：症状可能几小时后才出现。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础