第 1192 号，共 1 402 张

Bullrout

Notesthes robusta

名字的由来： The genus name Notesthes combines Greek words meaning back and garment, a reference to its fully scaled back. The specific name robusta means stout or full-bodied.1

需要看医生不要触摸很少致命，但如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。

有毒的鱼

有毒的刺吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The bullrout is a fish with venomous spines. It lives in tidal estuaries and slow-flowing streams along the east coast of Australia, from southern New South Wales to northern Queensland. It is sometimes confused with the true stonefish.1

生活在

Eastern Australia, from north of Cooktown, Queensland, south to Pambula, southern New South Wales1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

It lives in the lower freshwater stretches of rivers and streams, as well as in bays and estuaries. It is usually found among aquatic plants or woody debris in still or slow-flowing water, over rocky, muddy or gravel bottoms.1

长度

30 cm (1 ft)1

最高速度

约 5 公里/小时（3.1 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It is an ambush predator that lies still on the bottom or among weeds and waits for prey to pass. It eats fishes and small crustaceans.1

Bullrout的照片 — Bullrout。照片：Frank Olsen。 CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Big head with bony ridges, a large mouth, and a lower jaw that sticks out beyond the upper jaw1
Pale yellowish to dark brown body with irregular dark reddish-brown, greyish or black mottling, which can join up into irregular bands1
15 robust spines in the dorsal fin, which carry venom1
Head has no scales; the body is covered in small scales1
Maximum recorded standard length is 30 cm, though about 20 cm is more typical1

常被误认为： It is often confused with the true stonefish.1

毒液之力

有毒的刺

锋利的刺带着毒液。踩到或抓住它会很疼。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The dorsal, anal and pelvic spines all contain venom glands. Stings are reported to be extremely painful, but not lethal.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Stings are reported to be extremely painful, but they are not lethal.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

如果它的刺扎到你

Applying heat is one way to ease the pain, because heat breaks down the proteins in the venom. Local anaesthetics and analgesics (painkillers) are also reported to be effective. There is some evidence that morphine may not work well for the pain.1
把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础