第 0003 号，共 1 402 张

Chinese cobra

Naja atra

名字的由来： The generic name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word nāgá, meaning cobra. The species name atra comes from the Latin ater, meaning dark, black or gloomy.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

眼镜蛇、曼巴蛇和环蛇

咬伤

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The Chinese cobra is a venomous snake from southern China and a few neighbouring countries and islands. It is one of the most common venomous snakes in China, and it has caused many snakebites there.1

生活在

Southeastern China, Hong Kong, Hainan, Taiwan, northern Laos and northern Vietnam1

亚洲

首页

Its typical habitat is woodlands, shrublands, grasslands and mangroves. It is adaptable and can survive in many other kinds of habitat. It is terrestrial, so it lives on the ground, and it is active by day and at dusk.1

长度

1.2 m到2 m (3.9 ft到6.6 ft)1

最高速度

约 7.5 公里/小时（4.7 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

Chinese cobra的照片 — Chinese cobra。照片：Lawrence Hylton。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

The hood marking varies. It can look like spectacles, a mask, a horseshoe or the letter O, and it is often linked to a pale throat area on at least one side.1
The body is iridescent black, with widely spaced yellow double lines running across it.1
The underside is pearl or slate-coloured. The upper colour is usually brown, grey or black, sometimes with narrow pale lines, which are especially clear in young snakes.1
Typical adults are 1.2 to 1.5 metres long.1

常被误认为： It is sometimes confused with the monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia). The Chinese cobra has lower counts of ventral and subcaudal scales, which are the belly and tail scales. Sex should be taken into account when comparing these counts.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The Chinese cobra is a highly venomous member of the true cobras. Local symptoms at the bite include darkening of the wound, redness, swelling, pain and numbness, and blisters and necrosis (death of tissue) almost always follow. Necrosis can last for years after the person has otherwise recovered. Whole-body symptoms can include chest discomfort, fever, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, loss of voice, weak limbs, unsteady walking, lockjaw and difficulty breathing.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

It is one of the most common venomous snakes in China and has caused many snakebite incidents there. Deaths occasionally occur, but they are much rarer than they used to be.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

Adults can be aggressive, and young snakes are more nervous and more likely to be aggressive, but it usually escapes to avoid a confrontation.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院：抗毒血清是治疗方法。
如果毒液被喷进眼睛，立刻用大量清水冲洗。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 11 根香蕉首尾相接一样长48 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Chinese cobra和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Chinese cobra 约 7.5 公里/小时 (4.7 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

Necrosis from a bite can continue for many years after the victim has recovered in general.1

A snake kept at a snake farm gave an average venom yield of about 250.8 mg, of which about 80 mg was dry weight.1

Its fangs are always erect and sit at the front of the upper jaw, as in other elapid snakes.1

给毒液专家

学名: Naja atra
类别: 眼镜蛇、曼巴蛇和环蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 亚洲
宝宝: It lays eggs. Females lay between 6 and 23 eggs, usually from May to the end of July.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3