第 0041 号，共 1 402 张

Common krait

Bungarus caeruleus

致命地球上最致命的动物之一。如果它咬了你，立刻呼救。快速救治和抗毒血清能救活大多数人。立刻拨打急救电话。

咬伤吃：肉

The common krait is a highly venomous snake that lives across South Asia. It is shiny black or bluish-black with thin white crossbands. It causes more medically significant snakebites in the Indian subcontinent than any other snake, so knowing what it looks like matters.1

生活在

India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, possibly Bhutan, with range extending west into Afghanistan and possibly parts of Iran1

亚洲

首页

It lives in scrub jungles, grasslands, farmland, semi-desert, rocky ground and suburban gardens. It often takes shelter in termite mounds, rat burrows or under debris, and it is common near streams, canals and ponds. During the monsoon it often enters houses in search of shelter or prey.1

长度

91 cm到1.8 m (3 ft到5.7 ft)1

最高速度

约 6.9 公里/小时（4.3 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It feeds mainly on other snakes, including venomous kraits and vipers. It also eats small rodents, lizards, birds and frogs. It hunts mostly at night.1

Common krait的照片 — Common krait。照片：Prashantha Krishna M C。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Body is generally black or bluish-black.1
About 40 thin, white crossbars run along the body. They may be faint or missing near the head in adults.1
Young snakes have clear, well-defined crossbands, even near the head.1
Older snakes may show the white lines as a series of connected spots.1
The head is flat, the neck is hardly visible, and the tail is short and rounded.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It blocks signals between nerves and muscles, which leads to progressive paralysis. Victims often have severe abdominal cramps and shortness of breath. Death from respiratory failure, meaning the breathing muscles stop working, may follow in about 4 to 8 hours if untreated.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 致命世界上最危险的动物之一。

It is responsible for the majority of medically significant snakebites in the Indian subcontinent. A clinical toxicology study reports an untreated mortality rate of 70 to 80 per cent. Bites often happen at night, when people are sleeping on the ground. The bite may cause little or no pain, which can delay treatment.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it coils tightly with its head tucked underneath, may flatten its body, or makes sudden movements as a warning. It rarely bites unless provoked, but it can be more aggressive at night if disturbed.1

如果它咬人

The main treatment is antivenom given in hospital. It should be given promptly, because it becomes less effective once paralysis has set in. Get medical help straight away after any suspected bite, even if there is little pain or swelling.1
让人保持安静不动，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院：抗毒血清是治疗方法。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 10 根香蕉首尾相接一样长52 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Common krait和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Common krait 约 6.9 公里/小时 (4.3 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

A bite from this snake often causes little or no pain and almost no swelling or bleeding, which can make it hard to find the bite mark.1

Its venom is one of the most potent of any Indian snake, and the estimated lethal dose for a human is 2 to 3 mg.1

Its venom contains no clotting or tissue-destroying agents, which is why there is no local damage at the bite site.1

Neostigmine, a drug that works against cobra venom, does not work against common krait venom.1

It is mostly active at night and rarely meets people during the day.1

Its stable population has been helped by its ability to adapt to farmland and villages.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： A bite that does not hurt is harmless.

真相： The bite often causes little pain, but severe paralysis and breathing failure can follow. The lack of pain can give false reassurance.1

给毒液专家

学名: Bungarus caeruleus
类别: 眼镜蛇、曼巴蛇和环蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 亚洲
宝宝: It lays 5 to 15 eggs in leaf litter or burrows. The female guards the eggs until they hatch after about 60 days. Hatchlings are fully independent and already carry venom.1
对人的危险: 5 / 5: 致命3