第 1301 号，共 1 402 张

Eurasian water shrew

Neomys fodiens

无害对人无害。不用担心。

咬伤吃：肉

The Eurasian water shrew is a small, dark mammal that lives close to fresh water across northern Europe and Asia. It is one of the few venomous mammals, and it uses its venom to paralyse the prey it catches in the water.1

生活在

Northern Europe (except Iceland, Ireland, some Mediterranean islands and the Balkans) and northern Asia, from western Siberia to North Korea1

欧洲, 亚洲

首页

It lives close to fresh water, in and around ditches, streams, ponds, watercress beds, fish ponds, damp meadows and rough bushy ground next to water. It rarely strays far from water.1

长度

10 cm (3.9 in)1

体重

15 g到19 g (0.5 oz到0.7 oz)1

最高速度

约 4 公里/小时（2.5 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mostly catches aquatic prey while swimming, including freshwater snails, aquatic insects, small fish, frogs, newts and small rodents. On land it eats invertebrates such as beetle and fly larvae, worms and millipedes.1

Eurasian water shrew的照片 — Eurasian water shrew。照片：Ian Ballam。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Short, dark greyish-black fur on the head, back and sides1
Dirty white underparts, sharply separated from the darker back1
A white spot just behind the eye, and often another near the small ear1
Black nose and a long, tapering snout1
Sharp teeth tipped with red, and a slender tail with a keel of short white hairs underneath1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its saliva contains a neurotoxic venom, which attacks the nerves. It delivers this venom at the base of the skull of its prey, and the venom paralyses prey even when the prey is larger than the shrew. Tests on field voles showed the venom is lethal at a minimum dose of 15 mg per kg of body weight.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

Hantaviruses have been detected in shrews in Hungary and Poland, which raises public health concerns, although how the virus spreads is largely unknown.1

它害怕时会做什么？

Its venom is thought to immobilise organisms that may threaten it.1

如果它咬人

把伤口洗干净并就医。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 19 个回形针一样重

和 3 块玩具积木排成一排一样长轻到放在手上你都感觉不到90 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Eurasian water shrew和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Eurasian water shrew 约 4 公里/小时 (2.5 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is one of the few venomous mammals. Its venom comes from glands at the base of its lower front teeth, and grooves along the teeth channel the venom into the bite.1

Its teeth are tipped with red because of deposits of iron, which harden the enamel of the tips.1

It can dive up to two metres underwater and stay under for about twenty seconds before it must surface to breathe.1

Its short fur holds air, so its skin stays dry while it swims.1

It has a home range of about 500 square metres, but when foraging on land it can travel up to 3 km.1

给毒液专家

学名: Neomys fodiens
类别: 有毒的哺乳动物
家人: Soricidae2
排序: Eulipotyphla
大洲: 欧洲, 亚洲
宝宝: Litters of four to eight or more young are born after a 24-day gestation period, and females can have one or two litters a year.1
寿命: 约 3 年1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least concern1
对人的危险: 1 / 5: 轻微3