第 1255 号，共 1 402 张

Giant freshwater stingray

Urogymnus polylepis

名字的由来： The scientific name polylepis comes from the Greek words for 'many' and 'scales'.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

有毒的鱼

蜇伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The giant freshwater stingray is a large ray that lives in big rivers and estuaries in Southeast Asia and Borneo. It is the widest freshwater fish in the world, and it is now endangered because of fishing and habitat loss. It has a long, whip-like tail with a sharp spine near the base.1

生活在

Large rivers and estuaries of Indochina (such as the Mekong and Chao Phraya) and Borneo1

亚洲

首页

It lives on the sandy or muddy bottom of large rivers and their estuaries. It is sometimes found near heavily populated urban areas, and individuals are often seen at the edge of the river.1

长度

5 m (16 ft)1

体重

300 kg到600 kg (661 lb到1323 lb)1

最高速度

约 30 公里/小时（19 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats small fishes and invertebrates such as crustaceans and molluscs that live on the bottom. It finds them using electroreceptors, which sense the weak electrical signals of living animals.1

Giant freshwater stingray的照片 — Giant freshwater stingray。照片：BEDO (Thailand)。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Plain grayish brown on top, often with a yellowish or pinkish tint towards the fin edges1
White underside with broad dark bands on the rear edges of the pectoral and pelvic fins1
Thin, whip-like tail that is black behind the spine and has no fin folds1
Sharply pointed snout that projects beyond the disc1
A single serrated stinging spine on the upper tail near its base, up to 38 cm long1

常被误认为： Similar freshwater stingrays in South Asia, Southeast Asia and Australasia were once tentatively grouped with this species. Some of them, such as the Australian Urogymnus dalyensis, are now described as separate species.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its sting is sheathed in toxic mucus. The sting is capable of piercing bone.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The giant freshwater stingray is not aggressive. Its sting is strong enough to pierce bone and is coated in toxic mucus, so it should be treated with care.1

如果它蜇人

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 30 只狗一样重

和 5 只狗鼻子接尾巴一样长和 28 根香蕉首尾相接一样长6 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Giant freshwater stingray和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Giant freshwater stingray 约 30 公里/小时 (19 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

In June 2022, a specimen caught in the Mekong River was reported as the largest strict freshwater fish ever documented, at about 300 kg.1

It is the widest freshwater fish in the world, growing up to 2.2 m across.1

Its tail spine is up to 38 cm long, the largest of any stingray species.1

Pups are nourished in the womb by a milk-like substance called histotroph, or 'uterine milk', made by the mother.1

In Cambodia, the average weight of a landed ray fell from 23.2 kg in 1980 to 6.9 kg in 2006.1

给毒液专家

学名: Urogymnus polylepis
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Dasyatidae2
排序: Myliobatiformes
大洲: 亚洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young. Females have litters of one to four pups, each about 30 cm across at birth.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Endangered (IUCN overall); Critically Endangered in Thailand1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3