第 1397 号，共 1 402 张

Greenland shark

Somniosus microcephalus

名字的由来： Its family, Somniosidae, is known as the sleeper sharks.1

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

其他有毒动物

吃了有毒吃：肉碰了或吃了有毒，不注射毒液

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The Greenland shark is a huge, slow shark that lives in the cold, deep waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. It is famous for living longer than any known vertebrate (animal with a backbone). Its flesh is poisonous to eat unless it is specially prepared.1

有毒还是有毒液？有毒液的动物通过咬或蜇注入毒液。有毒的动物是碰了或吃了会受害。这一种是碰了或吃了有害的。

生活在

North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans1

北冰洋, 大西洋

首页

It lives in cold deep water, usually between 100 and 1,200 metres down, where temperatures range from -1.1 to 7.4 °C. In winter it gathers in shallower water for warmth. It is sometimes seen around fishing boats and herds of seals, where it is drawn by the smell of rotting meat.1

长度

4 m到6.4 m (13 ft到21 ft)1

体重

1023 kg (2255 lb)1

最高速度

约 2.6 公里/小时（1.6 英里/小时）

游泳: 测量过的最慢的鲨鱼之一

它吃什么？

It is both a scavenger and an active predator, eating fish, seals, squid and sometimes small whales. It may ambush seals while they are asleep, and it uses suction to draw prey into its mouth. It also eats carrion.1

Greenland shark的照片 — Greenland shark。照片：Hemming1952。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

A thickset, heavy body with a short, rounded snout1
Small eyes and small dorsal and pectoral fins1
Five very small gill openings for its size1
Colour ranges from pale creamy-grey to blackish-brown, usually uniform, sometimes with whitish spots or faint dark streaks on the back1
Often has small parasitic copepods (crustaceans) attached to its eyes1

毒力

吃了有毒

只有被什么东西吃掉时才有害。

它的毒会造成什么？

The shark is not venomous. Its meat is poisonous to mammals because it contains high levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a natural chemical that makes the flesh toxic.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Greenland sharks are not considered a threat to people, because they live deep in remote, cold waters. Only one possible attack is recorded, in 1936, and it was never linked to this species. One unverified report from around 1859 describes a human leg found in a shark's stomach.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When hauled onto a boat, it thrashes its tail so violently that it is dangerous to stand near it, and its muscles can still twitch after death.1

如果有人碰了或吃了它

如果有人吃了它，或吃后出现症状：立刻拨打急救电话或中毒急救中心。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果你碰了或吃了它：不要揉眼睛或嘴巴，洗手并就医。

它不是冲着你来的。它的毒只是为了不被吃掉。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲大西洋北冰洋

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 51 只狗一样重

和 6 只狗鼻子接尾巴一样长和 36 根香蕉首尾相接一样长69 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Greenland shark和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

Greenland shark 约 2.6 公里/小时 (1.6 mph)

一个在游泳的人 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is thought to have the longest lifespan of any known vertebrate, estimated at between 272 and 510 years.1

It is one of the slowest-swimming fish for its size, with a fastest cruising speed of about 2.7 km/h.1

Parasitic copepods often attach to its eyes and can damage them, but this does not seem to shorten its life, because it relies mainly on smell and hearing.1

It is one of the largest shark species alive, with the largest confirmed specimen weighing around 1,023 kg.1

In Iceland, a specially treated form of its meat is eaten as a pungent delicacy called kæstur hákarl.1

Its slow metabolism is thought to be linked to its very long life, although this is still a hypothesis.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The Greenland shark is a dangerous threat to humans.

真相： It is not considered a threat to people. It lives deep in cold, remote waters, and the only report of a possible attack was never confirmed as this species.1

给毒液专家

学名: Somniosus microcephalus
类别: 其他有毒动物
家人: Somniosidae2
排序: Squaliformes
大洲: 北冰洋, 大西洋, 海洋
宝宝: Pups are born alive, after an estimated gestation period of 8 to 18 years. Females reach sexual maturity at around 150 years of age.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3