第 1259 号，共 1 402 张

Spiny dogfish

Squalus acanthias

名字的由来： The species name acanthias refers to the shark's two spines.1

只是会疼不要触摸会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

有毒的鱼

有毒的刺吃：肉

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The spiny dogfish is a small, well-known shark with a sharp spine in front of each of its two back fins. It lives in shallow and offshore waters in most parts of the world, especially cooler seas, and it is hunted heavily for food. Its spines are its main form of defence.1

生活在

Shallow and offshore waters in most parts of the world, especially temperate seas; the northern Pacific population is now a separate species, the Pacific spiny dogfish1

大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 南大洋, 北冰洋, 南极洲, 北海

首页

It lives in shallow waters and further offshore, and is described as bottom-dwelling. It is commonly found at depths of about 50 to 149 m, and has been found deeper than 700 m. Commercial fishing brings it to fish markets, fish and chip shops and restaurants.1

长度

60 cm到84 cm (2 ft到2.8 ft)1

最高速度

约 20 公里/小时（12 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats squid, fish, crab, jellyfish, sea cucumber, shrimp and other invertebrates. It hunts in packs that can number into the thousands and is described as an aggressive hunter.1

Spiny dogfish的照片 — Spiny dogfish。照片：Ecomare/Salko de Wolf。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Two spines, one in front of each dorsal (back) fin.1
No anal fin on the underside.1
White spots along its back.1
Greyish brown on both sexes, with countershading (darker on top, paler underneath).1
Asymmetrical tail lobes, forming a heterocercal tail (the upper lobe is larger).1

常被误认为： Several shark species share the names dogfish, spurdog and piked dogfish. Spiny dogfish are told apart by having two spines, one in front of each dorsal fin, and no anal fin.1

毒液之力

有毒的刺

锋利的刺带着毒液。踩到或抓住它会很疼。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its dorsal spines secrete a mild venom. The spines are driven into an attacker when the shark arches its back.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

它害怕时会做什么？

If it is caught, it arches its back to pierce its captor with the spines near its dorsal fins.1

如果它的刺扎到你

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果它的刺扎到你：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲南极洲太平洋大西洋印度洋北冰洋南大洋地中海北海

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 1.5 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 5 根香蕉首尾相接一样长9 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Spiny dogfish和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Spiny dogfish 约 20 公里/小时 (12 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

Dogfish sharks have one of the longest pregnancies of any organism, lasting around 18 to 24 months.1

Spiny dogfish hunt in packs that can range up into the thousands.1

In England, dogfish are sold in fish and chip shops as 'huss', and used to be sold as 'rock salmon' until that term was outlawed.1

Spiny dogfish are popular dissection specimens in high schools and universities because they are easy to get and have small, cartilaginous skulls.1

Squalus acanthias fossils from the Miocene of Denmark and the Netherlands date from about 11 million years ago.1

Males are identified by a pair of modified pelvic fins called claspers, which they use to transfer sperm to the female.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： All animals called dogfish or spurdog are the same species.

真相： These common names can apply to several species. Spiny dogfish are identified by their two spines, one in front of each dorsal fin, and by having no anal fin.1

给毒液专家

学名: Squalus acanthias
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Squalidae2
排序: Squaliformes
大洲: 大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 南大洋, 北冰洋, 南极洲, 北海, 海洋
宝宝: The eggs develop inside the mother and the pups are born alive, with about 5 to 6 in each litter; gestation can last from around 18 to 24 months, one of the longest of any organism.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Vulnerable globally; Critically endangered in the Northeast Atlantic1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3