第 0580 号，共 1 402 张

Lichtenstein's green racer

Philodryas olfersii

名字的由来： The specific name, olfersii, honours the German naturalist Ignaz von Olfers.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

后沟牙蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Lichtenstein's green racer is a long, green snake with a rear-fanged bite. It lives in parts of southern South America, including northern Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and northwestern Paraguay. It is venomous, and its bite can cause serious harm, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

生活在

Northern Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and northwestern Paraguay in southern South America1

南美洲

首页

It lives in many habitat types, including the Cerrado, Caatinga, forest, forest transition and restinga. It has been found from sea level up to 1,700 m (5,600 ft). It is often arboreal, meaning it spends much of its time in trees, but it also hunts on the ground.1

长度

1 m到1.5 m (3.3 ft到4.9 ft)1

最高速度

约 5.5 公里/小时（3.4 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats small rodents, lizards, amphibians and birds, especially nestlings. It will also eat other snakes, including some almost as large as itself.1

Lichtenstein's green racer的照片 — Lichtenstein's green racer。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Green on the upper body1
Yellowish on the underside1
Smooth scales, with no pits, arranged in 19 rows at midbody1
Reaches 1 to 1.5 m (about 40 to 60 inches) in total length, including the tail1
Active during the day, though it has been seen mating late in the evening1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is highly haemorrhagic, which means it causes bleeding, and it also breaks down fibrinogen, a protein needed for clotting. It also contains neurotoxic components that affect the nerves, and it is myotoxic, meaning it damages muscle. Common symptoms are pain, swelling, redness and bruising, and bruising can spread far from the bite, even up the arm or to the chest and abdomen.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Accidents are generally not serious, because the snake has difficulty injecting venom and produces only small amounts. However, there have been reports of serious bites needing medical treatment. In one recent severe case, the snake was allowed to bite for a long time, and the victim developed clotting problems, liver damage and severe swelling. Only one death has been reported, and it was a child.1

如果它咬人

Serious bites need medical treatment. The antivenom made for Bothrops snakes is not suitable for bites from this snake.1
清洗咬伤处，让人保持冷静并就医。有些种类（比如非洲树蛇）可能几小时后才致命。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 8 根香蕉首尾相接一样长65 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Lichtenstein's green racer和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Lichtenstein's green racer 约 5.5 公里/小时 (3.4 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

In laboratory mice, its venom had a lethality equivalent to that of Bothrops asper, a pit viper.1

It is rear-fanged, so its fangs are at the back of the mouth, and it chews venom into its prey through a grooved tooth.1

The venom is made in the Duvernoy's gland at the back of the mouth, and the snake must work hard to deliver it.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Bites from this snake are never serious.

真相： Most accidents are not serious, because the snake struggles to inject venom. Still, serious bites have happened, and one child has died, so any bite needs medical attention.1

给毒液专家

学名: Philodryas olfersii
类别: 后沟牙蛇
家人: Colubridae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 南美洲
宝宝: It lays eggs. Each egg is about 5 cm (about 2 inches) long, and a clutch contains 4 to 11 eggs, with larger females laying more.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3