第 1043 号，共 1 402 张

Pine processionary

Thaumetopoea pityocampa

名字的由来： The name comes from the Ancient Greek pityokampē, meaning "Aleppo pine larva", from pitys (pine) and kampē (caterpillar).1

只是会疼不要触摸会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

毛毛虫和虫子

蜇毛吃：植物

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The pine processionary is a moth whose caterpillars are famous for marching in long, nose-to-tail lines through pine woods. Their hairs cause painful rashes and eye irritation, and they can strip the needles from whole trees. It lives around the Mediterranean and is spreading north.1

生活在

Southern Mediterranean area, North Africa, the Middle East and southern Europe; now spreading north into France1

欧洲, 非洲, 亚洲

首页

Coniferous forests, mostly pine trees, though sometimes cedar or larch. The caterpillars live in large silk nests high in the trees, and pupate in soil under the ground.1

长度

4 cm (1.6 in)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 0.03 公里/小时（0.02 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

The caterpillars feed on pine needles, leaving the trees defoliated when there are large numbers. They come out to feed at night.1

Pine processionary的照片 — Pine processionary。照片：unknown。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Caterpillars are orange-brown and hairy, with blue bands.1
Large silken nests in pine trees, often with several in one tree and signs of stripped needles.1
Caterpillars move in single-file processions, usually at night and when leaving the tree to pupate.1
Adults have predominantly light brown forewings with brown markings and white hindwings.1
Adult males have a crescent marking on the wings and are larger than the oak processionary.1

常被误认为： The oak processionary (Thaumetopoea processionea) is smaller as an adult, has an indistinct wing marking rather than a crescent, and lives in broad-leaved rather than coniferous forests. The pale eggar moth has no crescent marking on its wings.1

毒液之力

蜇毛

细小的毛或刚毛会断在皮肤里并刺痛。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The species is not venomous. Its caterpillars have hairs containing an irritant chemical called thaumetopoein, which causes skin rashes (urticaria) and eye irritation on contact. Some people may have an allergic reaction. The hairs of fifth-stage larvae can also break off and spread across nearby exposed skin.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Simple contact with the caterpillar hairs can cause severe rashes and eye irritation in humans and other mammals. Some individuals may have an allergic reaction.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When stressed or threatened, fifth-stage caterpillars eject harpoon-shaped hairs that irritate any exposed skin nearby.1

如果你碰到它的毛

被毛毛虫的蜇毛扎到：用胶带把毛粘掉，再清洗皮肤。不要揉。
被咬：清洗并冷敷。如果感到不适或容易出血，就去看医生。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果你碰到了它的毛：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

差不多和一个回形针一样长比花园蜗牛还慢

Pine processionary和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

Pine processionary 约 0.03 公里/小时 (0.02 mph)

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

值得了解

事实

Caterpillars in a procession hold together through touch from the caterpillar in front, which takes priority over the trail pheromone or silk.1

The caterpillars are one of the few temperate-zone insects whose larvae develop through the winter, living in silk nests high in pine trees.1

Adults live for only a single day, during which they mate and lay eggs.1

The Greek physician Dioscorides described the itching caused by this caterpillar in the 1st century AD, and Pliny the Elder recorded a treatment for it.1

Outbreaks are somewhat cyclical, with a period of 7 to 9 years.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Fabre's caterpillars marched in a circle around a flower pot only because they were trapped on its rim.

真相： Young caterpillars' circular trails continue for as long as 12 hours even when they are free on a flat surface.1

给毒液专家

学名: Thaumetopoea pityocampa
类别: 毛毛虫和虫子
家人: Notodontidae2
排序: Lepidoptera
大洲: 欧洲, 非洲, 亚洲
宝宝: Each female lays an enormous number of eggs near the tops of pine trees, in cylindrical egg masses 4 to 5 cm long covered with scales that mimic pine shoots.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3