第 1290 号，共 1 402 张

Venomous remipede

Xibalbanus tulumensis

名字的由来： Speleonectes means 'cave swimmer', tulumensis means 'occurring at Tulum', and Xibalbanus means 'from Xibalba'.1

无害对人无害。不用担心。

海胆、海星和蠕虫

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

The venomous remipede is a small, blind crustacean that swims through underground water. It lives in flooded caves and cenotes on the Yucatán Peninsula, near the Caribbean Sea. It is special because it is one of the very few crustaceans known to use venom to catch its food.1

生活在

Yucatán Peninsula and the Caribbean Sea, Mexico1

大西洋, 加勒比海, 墨西哥湾

首页

It lives in anchialine caves and cenotes close to the sea, where salty seawater lies beneath fresh water. The water grades smoothly from fresh to salt, a zone called a halocline.1

长度

2.5 cm到3 cm (1 in到1.2 in)1

最高速度

约 0.02 公里/小时（0.01 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It feeds on other crustaceans. It injects venom with its front claws, which liquefies the body contents of its prey.1

Venomous remipede的照片 — Venomous remipede。照片：Christine Loew。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

It is blind and has no eyes or pigment, so it is pale.1
It has a long, slender, segmented body about 2.5 to 3 cm long.1
It has many legs, which it uses as oars to swim.1
Its front claws look like hypodermic needles.1
The number of body segments increases as it gets older. The highest number recorded was 36.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is similar to that of rattlesnakes and contains digestive enzymes and a paralysing toxin. The enzymes break down the body of its prey, and the toxin paralyses the prey. The venom is made in glands in the centre of the body and stored in reservoirs attached to the claws.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

如果它咬人

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热，然后去看医生取出刺。不要自己去挖。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲大西洋加勒比海墨西哥湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

差不多和一个回形针一样长比花园蜗牛还慢

Venomous remipede和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只海马 约 0.0015 公里/小时 (0 mph)

Venomous remipede 约 0.02 公里/小时 (0.01 mph)

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

值得了解

事实

Venom was believed to be completely absent from the roughly 70,000 known crustacean species until this animal was discovered.1

In 2007, researchers noticed its front claws looked like hypodermic needles. Venom reservoirs were later found attached to them.1

Its feeding technique is unique among crustaceans.1

It is hermaphroditic, meaning each individual has both male and female reproductive organs.1

It is one of 24 species in the class Remipedia. All of them live in caves, and they are found in the Caribbean, the Canary Islands and Western Australia.1

Remipede distribution is linked to the ancient Tethys Sea.1