第 1116 号，共 1 402 张

Portuguese man o' war

Physalia physalis

名字的由来： The name comes from the man-of-war, a sailing warship, because the float looks like the Portuguese caravel (a sailing ship) under full sail.1

需要看医生不要触摸很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

水母和海中蜇人生物

会蜇人的触手吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The Portuguese man o' war looks like a jellyfish, but it is actually a colony of many tiny linked animals that work together as one. It drifts on the surface of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans, and its long tentacles sting prey. Its sting is painful to people, and in some cases it can kill them.1

生活在

Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans; drifts with winds and currents and can be washed onto beaches.1

大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 加勒比海, 墨西哥湾

首页

It lives on the surface of the water, as part of a group of animals called the neuston. Winds can blow it into bays or onto beaches, where beachgoers are most likely to meet it. A man o' war found on a beach may lead to the beach being closed.1

长度

15 cm (5.9 in)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 1 公里/小时（0.62 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It traps and paralyses prey with its venomous tentacles, then reels the prey in to its digestive zooids. It mainly eats small fish, molluscs, small crustaceans and zooplankton.1

Portuguese man o' war的照片 — Portuguese man o' war。照片：Jan Ebr & Ivana Ebrová。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

A gas-filled bladder called the pneumatophore floats on the surface and acts as a sail.1
Long tentacles, which can reach over 30 m, hang below the surface.1
The float can be up to 30 cm long, 13 cm wide and 15 cm tall.1
Groups can be large, sometimes over 1,000 animals.1
The sail may be left- or right-handed, depending on the way the wind catches it.1

常被误认为： It superficially resembles a jellyfish, but it is a siphonophore, a colonial animal made of many smaller units called zooids.1

毒液之力

会蜇人的触手

一碰到东西，成千上万个小刺细胞就会发射。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its tentacles carry nematocysts, tiny coiled, thread-like stingers that inject venom on contact. The venom can paralyse small fish and other prey. The sting is powerful enough to kill fish, crustaceans and, in some cases, humans.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Its stings are painful and it is well known to beachgoers. In some cases the sting can kill humans. Large groups can also reduce fish populations and damage fishing supplies.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When attacked at the surface, it can deflate its pneumatophore and temporarily submerge.1

如果它蜇人

离开水面，取下所有触手（戴手套或用布）。
热带箱水母：在蜇伤处倒醋至少 30 秒，呼救，并准备好做心肺复苏。僧帽水母和大多数其他水母：先用海水冲洗，再用热水止痛。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋大西洋印度洋地中海加勒比海墨西哥湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 5 块玩具积木排成一排一样长180 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Portuguese man o' war和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

Portuguese man o' war 约 1 公里/小时 (0.62 mph)

一个在游泳的人 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is not a single animal. It is a colony of zooids, all genetically identical, that work together like organs in one body.1

The blanket octopus is immune to its venom and uses broken tentacles as weapons.1

Its float can produce carbon monoxide, which makes up as much as 13% of the gas inside it.1

The loggerhead sea turtle eats it regularly, because its thick skin protects it from the stings.1

The man-of-war fish can live among its tentacles and feeds on them, while avoiding being stung.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： It is a jellyfish.

真相： It only looks like a jellyfish. It is a siphonophore, a colony of many linked zooids.1

给毒液专家

学名: Physalia physalis
类别: 水母和海中蜇人生物
家人: Physaliidae2
排序: Siphonophorae
大洲: 大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 加勒比海, 墨西哥湾, 海洋
宝宝: Each colony is either male or female, and eggs or sperm are released into the water, where a fertilised egg develops into a planula (a free-swimming larva) that grows into a new colony.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3