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Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

Kudinga udokotelaKuyivelakancane ukuthi kubulale, kodwa ukulunywa kudinga udokotela.

Izicabucabu

UkulumaSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Kubi kakhuluUkulunywa kudinga udokotela. Ukufa kuyivelakancane kakhulu.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

Ihlala

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

INyakatho Melika

Ekhaya

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

Ubude

8 mm kuya ku-1.3 cm (0.3 in kuya ku-0.5 in)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Isithombe sika-Southern black widow — Southern black widow. Isithombe: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusibona

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Kubi kakhuluUkulunywa kudinga udokotela. Ukufa kuyivelakancane kakhulu.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Uma siluma

Geza inxeba lokulunywa bese ubeka iphakethe leqhwa phezu kwalo ngenxa yobuhlungu. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha uma ubuhlungu bunamandla, busabalala noma umuntu ezizwa engaphilile.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

sincane kangangokuthi singahlala ezinzipheni zakho

Southern black widow mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Ufudu cishe 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Southern black widow cishe 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

Iqiniso: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Latrodectus mactans
Iqembu: Izicabucabu
Umndeni: Theridiidae2
Ukuhleleka: Araneae
Amazwekazi: INyakatho Melika
Izinsana: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
Isikhathi sokuphila: cishe iminyaka engu-31
Ingozi ebantwini: 3 / 5: Kubi kakhulu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Latrodectus mactans (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus mactans (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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