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Inombolo 1399 kwezingu-1 402

Toxic zoanthid

Palythoa toxica

Mayelana negama: Its Hawaiian name, limu-make-o-Hana, means 'seaweed of death from Hana', after the Hana district of Maui where it was first found.1

KungabulalaUngathintiKungabulala uma umuntu engelashwa. Uma umuntu esithinta noma esidla, thola usizo ngokushesha.

Ezinye izilwane ezinoshevu

Ushevu esikhumbeni sasoSinoshevu, asinabo ubuthi bokuluma noma bokuhlaba

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

Palythoa toxica is a small, crust-like sea animal, called a zoanthid, that grows on rocks. It lives in Hawaii and is special because it is the species from which the very poisonous substance palytoxin was first discovered and isolated.1

Sinoshevu noma sinobuthi? Izilwane ezinobuthi zijova ubuthi ngokuluma noma ngokuhlaba. Izilwane ezinoshevu ziyingozi uma uzithinta noma uzidla. Lesi sinoshevu.

Ihlala

Native to Hawaii; has been found sporadically throughout the state, first discovered on Maui1

ULwandlekazi iPacific, ULwandlekazi i-India, Ulwandle iCoral, Ulwandle lwasePhilippines, Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China

Ekhaya

It was first found in a shallow rock pool about 25 cm deep that received fresh water when heavy rain fell, so it can live in water of changing salt levels. It has also been sold to keepers of reef aquariums, where people have been poisoned by handling it carelessly.1

Ubude

1.5 cm (0.6 in)3

usayizi ojwayelekile womuntu omdala wesilwane

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 0.5 km/h (0.31 mph)

Ukubhukuda, isiqagela nje

Isithombe sika-Toxic zoanthid — Toxic zoanthid. Isithombe: [1]. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusibona

It grows as a flat, encrusting layer over rock.1
It has a firm, tough outer covering.1
Its polyps are partly sunk into a cushiony mat that spreads across the rock and contains sand grains and bits of debris.1
Each polyp has a broad mouth disc with a fringe of tentacles.1
Its colour varies but is usually cream, grey or pale brown.1

Amandla oshevu

Ushevu esikhumbeni saso

Isikhumba saso sinoshevu. Kuyingozi ukusithinta, ukusikhotha noma ukusidla.

Ushevu waso wenzani?

It is not venomous in the sense of injecting venom with a bite or sting. It contains palytoxin, one of the most poisonous substances known.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

Palytoxin is one of the most poisonous substances known, and people have been poisoned by handling this animal in reef aquariums.1

Uma umuntu esithintile noma esidlile

Uma umuntu esidlile noma enezimpawu ngemva kokusidla: shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo noma isikhungo soshevu (poison centre) ngokushesha.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma usithintile noma usidlile: ungahlikihli amehlo noma umlomo wakho, geza izandla zakho futhi uthole usizo lwezokwelapha.

Asikuzingeli wena. Ushevu waso ukhona nje ukuze kungabikho okusidlayo. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania ULwandlekazi iPacific ULwandlekazi i-India Ulwandle iCoral Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China Ulwandle lwasePhilippines

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

sifushane kunomunwe wakho omncane

Toxic zoanthid mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Umnenke wasengadini cishe 0.05 km/h (0.03 mph)

Toxic zoanthid cishe 0.5 km/h (0.31 mph)

Umuntu obhukudayo cishe 3 km/h (1.9 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

Early Hawaiians used this animal to poison the tips of their weapons, and a legend says warriors could break a taboo and dip their spear tips into its pool when under severe threat.1

In 1961 researchers took specimens from the pool despite local advice, and the laboratories of the Hawaiian Institute of Marine Biology on Coconut Island were destroyed by fire on that same day.1

Palythoa toxica is the species in which palytoxin was first discovered and first isolated.1

Unlike a related species, P. toxica is equally toxic all year round rather than changing with the seasons.1

Palytoxin has also been found in other Palythoa species, some algae, and certain crabs and fish, and it has been suggested that a dinoflagellate in the genus Ostreopsis produces the toxin.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Palythoa toxica
Iqembu: Ezinye izilwane ezinoshevu
Umndeni: Sphenopidae2
Ukuhleleka: Zoantharia
Amazwekazi: ULwandlekazi iPacific, ULwandlekazi i-India, Ulwandle iCoral, Ulwandle lwasePhilippines, Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China, Izilwandlekazi
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Kuyingozi kakhulu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Palythoa toxica (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Palythoa toxica (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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