Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi

Inombolo 1174 kwezingu-1 402

Reef stonefish

Synanceia verrucosa

Mayelana negama: The scientific name verrucosa means "covered with verrucas or warts", which refers to the warty growths all over its body.1

KungabulalaUngathintiKungakubulala uma ungelashwa. Uma ameva aso ekugwaza, thola usizo ngokushesha.

Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi

Ameva anobuthiSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

The reef stonefish is a fish that hides on coral reefs and looks like a rock or piece of coral. It is the most venomous fish in the world, and its venom can kill people. It lives in shallow warm seas across the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific.1

Ihlala

Red Sea, coastal East Africa, Indian Ocean and western Pacific to French Polynesia, southern Japan and Taiwan. Also found in the far eastern Mediterranean.1

ULwandlekazi iPacific, ULwandlekazi i-India, Ulwandle Olubomvu, Ulwandle i-Andaman, Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China, Ulwandle lwasePhilippines, Ulwandle iCoral, Ulwandle lwase-Arabia ne-Persian Gulf, Ulwandle lwaseTimor ne-Arafura, Ichweba laseBengal

Ekhaya

It lives in shallow tropical waters, in coral reefs. It settles on and around rocks and plants, or rests on the seabed. Its spines have been known to pierce boot soles.1

Ubude

40 cm (1.3 ft)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

Ukubhukuda, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

It eats mostly small fish, shrimp and other crustaceans. It sits motionless on the reef floor and waits for prey to swim past, then engulfs it at great speed. Some have struck prey in 0.015 seconds.1

Isithombe sika-Reef stonefish — Reef stonefish. Isithombe: Ewout Knoester. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

Usually brown or grey, sometimes with patches of yellow, orange or red.1
Rough, tough skin covered in warts, with no scales.1
Wide, flattened head with small eyes that point upwards.1
Back fin with 12 to 14 spines, all of equal length.1
Its colour and skin texture help it blend in among rocks and corals.1

Amandla obuthi

Ameva anobuthi

Ameva abukhali aphethe ubuthi. Ukusinyathela noma ukusibamba kubuhlungu.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

Its venom is a mixture of proteins. Effects include severe pain, shock, paralysis and tissue death. A large dose can be fatal, and the fatal protein in this species is verrucotoxin. Stonefish venom can be fatal at a dose of only 18 mg, which six of its thirteen spines can release.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

It is the most venomous fish in the world and its venom can kill humans. A large dose can be fatal, and young children, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems are at greatest risk.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

It relies on camouflage to stay hidden and, when necessary, on its back spines, each with venom sacs at its base.1

Uma ameva aso ekugwaza

Immerse the affected limb in hot water, which is thought to help break down the venom proteins. A local anaesthetic can reduce the pain, and medical treatment includes antivenom. A tourniquet or firm constrictive bandage is no longer recommended.1
Faka inxeba emanzini ashisayo, ashisa ngendlela umuntu angakwazi ukuyibekezelela ngaphandle kokusha (yihlole ngesandla sakho), imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-90. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi kuma-stonefish nama-stingray.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma ameva aso ekugwaza: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania ULwandlekazi iPacific ULwandlekazi i-India Ulwandle Olubomvu Ulwandle iCoral Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China Ulwandle lwasePhilippines Ulwandle i-Andaman Ulwandle lwase-Arabia ne-Persian Gulf Ulwandle lwaseTimor ne-Arafura Ichweba laseBengal

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

side njengobhanana abangu-2 abalandelanayoside njengezitini zamathoyizi ezingu-12 ezilandelanayosingabhukuda ubude bechibi elikhulu lokubhukuda (50 m) ngemizuzwana engu-90

Reef stonefish mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Umnenke wasengadini cishe 0.05 km/h (0.03 mph)

Reef stonefish cishe 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

Umuntu obhukudayo cishe 3 km/h (1.9 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

It is the most venomous fish in the world.1

It strikes its prey in as little as 0.015 seconds.1

Its spines are sharp and stiff enough to pierce boot soles.1

Only six of its thirteen spines can release a fatal dose of venom.1

It is sold as an aquarium pet and as meat in some markets in southern China, the Philippines and Japan.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Tying a tight tourniquet or bandage above a stonefish sting is the best first aid.

Iqiniso: This is no longer recommended. Hot water on the affected limb and medical treatment with antivenom are the advised steps.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Synanceia verrucosa
Iqembu: Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi
Umndeni: Synanceiidae2
Ukuhleleka: Perciformes
Amazwekazi: ULwandlekazi iPacific, ULwandlekazi i-India, Ulwandle Olubomvu, Ulwandle i-Andaman, Ulwandle lwaseNingizimu China, Ulwandle lwasePhilippines, Ulwandle iCoral, Ulwandle lwase-Arabia ne-Persian Gulf, Ulwandle lwaseTimor ne-Arafura, Ichweba laseBengal, Izilwandlekazi
Izinsana: Females lay large, unfertilised eggs on the reef floor, and a male fertilises them by releasing sperm over the eggs. The young hatch well developed.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Kuyingozi kakhulu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Synanceia verrucosa (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Synanceia verrucosa (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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