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Brown recluse

Loxosceles reclusa

Izenari buruz: The scientific name reclusa means 'recluse', which refers to the spider's shy, hidden way of life.1

Medikua behar duGutxitan da hilgarria, baina koska batek medikua behar du.

Armiarmak

KoskaJaten du: Haragia

Arriskua pertsonentzat: LarriaKoska batek medikua behar du. Heriotzak oso arraroak dira.

The brown recluse is a small spider with a violin-shaped mark on its back. It lives mainly in the central and southern United States, where it hides in dark, quiet places such as woodpiles and sheds. It is one of only two North American spiders with dangerous venom, the other being the black widow.1

Non bizi den

Southern and central United States, from southeastern Nebraska south to central Texas and western Georgia1

Ipar Amerika

Hasiera

Brown recluses build irregular webs in dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets, garages, plenum spaces and cellars. In homes they seem to favour cardboard. People are usually bitten when the spider is trapped against the skin, for example inside clothes, shoes, towels, bedding or work gloves.1

Luzera

6 mm eta 2 cm artean (0,2 in eta 0,8 in artean)1

Abiadura handiena

0,8 km/h inguru (0,5 mph)

Lehorrean, kalkulu gutxi gorabeherakoa

Zer jaten du?

Brown recluses leave their lairs at night to hunt, unlike most web-weaving spiders. If food becomes scarce, they will occasionally, though not habitually, eat other brown recluses.1

Argazkia: Brown recluse — Brown recluse. Argazkia: Rosa Pineda. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Nola ezagutu

A dark violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body, with the neck of the violin pointing towards the rear of the spider1
Typically light to medium brown, though colours range from whitish to dark brown or blackish grey1
Six eyes arranged in three pairs, while most spiders have eight1
No obvious patterns on the abdomen or legs, and no spines on the legs1
Usually 6 to 20 millimetres in body length, but may grow larger1

Askotan honekin nahasten da: The violin marking is not a reliable identifier, because cellar spiders and pirate spiders can have similar markings. The Mediterranean recluse, an introduced species, is almost indistinguishable from the brown recluse, so many reports of recluses are misidentifications. A spider in the genus Titiotus is the most common spider mistaken for a brown recluse in California, and its bite is considered harmless.1

Pozoi-ahalmena

Koska

Pozoia letaginetatik edo hortzetatik ateratzen da kosk egiten duenean.

Zer egiten du bere pozoiak?

The venom is necrotic, meaning it destroys tissue. It contains a dermonecrotic agent called sphingomyelinase D, which kills the skin around the bite. In some cases the venom spreads through the body within minutes, causing nausea, vomiting, fever, rashes and muscle and joint pain. Rarely, it can burst red blood cells (hemolysis).1

Zein arriskutsua da pertsonentzat?

Arriskua pertsonentzat: LarriaKoska batek medikua behar du. Heriotzak oso arraroak dira.

Most bites cause no skin damage, and the spider is rarely aggressive. In one clinical study, skin necrosis occurred in 37% of diagnosed bites and systemic illness in 14%. Rarely, bites can cause organ damage or death. Most fatalities have been in children under seven or in people with weak immune systems. Children, the elderly and seriously ill people may be more susceptible to systemic effects.1

Zer egiten du beldurtzen denean?

When alarmed, it lowers its body, raises its pedipalps and stands still in a defensive pose. It usually flees, and if caught it may play dead.1

Kosk egiten badu

Garbitu koska eta jarri izotz-poltsa bat gainean minerako. Lortu mediku-laguntza mina handia bada, zabaltzen bada edo pertsona gaizki sentitzen bada.

Deitu beti lehenik zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911). Lehen sorospenei buruzko orientabide orokorra da hau, ez mediku-aholkua. Lehen sorospenen oinarriak

Egon seguru

Ez ukitu, ez harrapatu eta ez zirikatu inoiz animalia basati bat, txikia izan arren, eta lo edo hilda dagoela badirudi ere.
Utzi tartea. Bat aurkitzen baduzu, egon lasai, egin atzera poliki eta utzi bere bidetik joaten.
Batek kosk egiten badizu: egon lasai, egon geldi, deitu zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911) edo joan ospitalera azkar. Gogoratu nolakoa zen, argazki batek laguntzen du.

Ez dabil zure atzetik. Pozoia janaria harrapatzeko edo bere burua babesteko erabiltzen du, eta askoz nahiago du ezkutatu. Seguru egoteari buruz gehiago

Munduko zein tokitan?

Afrika Asia Europa Ipar Amerika Hego Amerika Australia eta Ozeania

Zein handia da?

Zein luzea da?

klip bat bezain luzea, gutxi gorabehera

Zein handia da Brown recluse ZUREKIN alderatuta?

Matematika hutsa zure nabigatzailean. Ez da ezer gordetzen, ezta inora bidaltzen ere.

Zein azkarra da?

Dortoka bat 0,3 km/h inguru (0,19 mph)

Brown recluse 0,8 km/h inguru (0,5 mph)

Oinez doan pertsona bat 5 km/h inguru (3,1 mph)

jakin beharrekoa

Datuak

One brown recluse survived for over five seasons in captivity without any food at all.1

In 2001, more than 2,000 brown recluses were removed from a heavily infested home in Kansas, yet the four residents who had lived there for years were never harmed.1

When a leg is lost, the brown recluse does not grow a new one in later moults, unlike the huntsman spider.1

Brown recluses do not balloon, which limits how far they can spread across the landscape.1

Males move around more when hunting than females, which tend to stay near their webs.1

Mito-hauslea

Mitoa: Brown recluses are common in California and the western United States, where they cause many bites.

Egia: The brown recluse has not established itself in California or anywhere outside its native range. Many reported bites there are misdiagnosed, and other spiders are often wrongly identified as brown recluses.1

Pozoi-adituentzat

Izen zientifikoa: Loxosceles reclusa
Taldea: Armiarmak
Familia: Sicariidae2
Ordena: Araneae
Kontinenteak: Ipar Amerika
Kumeak: Each female produces several egg sacs between May and July, with about 50 eggs in each sac. The eggs hatch in about one month, and the young take about a year to reach adulthood.1
Arriskua pertsonentzat: 3 / 5: Larria3

Datuak nondik datozen

Brown recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles reclusa (iNaturalist): izenak eta sailkapena.
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