Venom Wiki / Todas as criaturas / Arañas

N.º 0634 de 1 402

Redback spider

Latrodectus hasselti

Sobre o nome: It is called the redback because of the distinctive red stripe along the top of its abdomen.1

Precisa un médicoRaramente mortal, pero unha mordedura precisa un médico.

Arañas

MordeCome: Carne

Perigo para as persoas: GraveUnha mordedura precisa un médico. As mortes son moi raras.

The redback spider is a highly venomous spider. It is thought to come from Australia, but it now also lives in Southeast Asia, Japan and New Zealand. It often lives close to people, in warm, sheltered places in and around homes, so it matters a great deal for safety.1

Vive en

Australia, Southeast Asia, Japan and New Zealand; established colonies also in the United Arab Emirates1

Australia e Oceanía

Inicio

It lives in warm, sheltered places, commonly near or inside human homes and other buildings. Food scraps and lights attract the insects it hunts, which brings the redback closer to people.1

Lonxitude

1 cm (0,4 in)1

Velocidade máxima

uns 0,92 km/h (0,57 mph)

En terra, estimación aproximada

Que come?

It mainly catches insects, but also spiders, small lizards and occasionally even snakes or a mouse that become caught in its web. It squirts sticky silk over the prey, bites it repeatedly, wraps it in silk, then sucks out its liquefied insides back at its retreat.1

Foto de Redback spider — Redback spider. Foto: Paul Whitington. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Como recoñecelo

The adult female has a round, shiny black body with a red stripe on the top of the abdomen.1
Underneath, she has an hourglass-shaped red or orange streak.1
The female's body is about 1 cm long, with slender legs.1
The male is much smaller, 3 to 4 mm long, light brown with white markings on the upper abdomen and a pale hourglass marking underneath.1
Its web is an irregular, untidy tangle of strong silk, usually in a warm, sheltered spot.1

Adoita confundirse con: The false redback spider (Steatoda capensis) has a similar build but is uniformly black or plum-coloured, and it has no red stripe on its abdomen.1

Poder da pezoña

Morde

A pezoña sae polos seus cairos ou dentes cando morde.

Que fai a súa pezoña?

The venom is neurotoxic to vertebrates, meaning it attacks the nerves, and it causes a condition called latrodectism. Pain starts around the bite and typically becomes severe, spreading up the bitten limb and lasting for over 24 hours. Localised sweating in patches of skin is highly indicative of latrodectism, and nausea, vomiting, headache and agitation may indicate severe envenomation.1

Que perigoso é para as persoas?

Perigo para as persoas: GraveUnha mordedura precisa un médico. As mortes son moi raras.

The redback is one of the few spider species that can seriously harm humans. Because it often lives in buildings, it is responsible for a large number of serious spider bites in Australia.1

Boas novas: os médicos teñen un medicamento (antiveleno) ou un tratamento para isto.1

Que fai cando ten medo?

Its bright scarlet markings may serve as a warning to potential predators.1

Se morde

Lava a mordedura e ponlle unha bolsa de xeo para a dor. Busca axuda médica se a dor é forte, se se estende ou se a persoa se sente mal.

Chama sempre primeiro ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911). Isto son consellos xerais de primeiros auxilios, non consello médico. Primeiros auxilios básicos

Mantente a salvo

Nunca toques, collas nin molestes un animal salvaxe, aínda que sexa pequeno e aínda que pareza durmido ou morto.
Déixalle espazo. Se atopas un, mantén a calma, recúa amodo e déixao ir polo seu camiño.
Se un te morde: mantén a calma, non te movas, chama ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911) ou vai rápido a un hospital. Lembra como era, unha foto axuda.

Non vai a por ti. Usa a súa pezoña para cazar comida ou para defenderse, e prefire con moito agocharse. Máis sobre como estar a salvo

En que lugar do mundo?

África Asia Europa América do Norte América do Sur Australia e Oceanía

Que tamaño ten?

Canto mide?

tan pequeno que cabe na túa unlla

Que tamaño ten Redback spider comparado CONTIGO?

Só son contas no teu navegador. Non se garda nin se envía nada a ningures.

Que rápido é?

Unha tartaruga uns 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Redback spider uns 0,92 km/h (0,57 mph)

Unha persoa camiñando uns 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

paga a pena sabelo

Datos

A male redback can successfully mate with a female katipō, a related New Zealand spider, producing hybrid offspring.1

Males often mate with a female who may then eat them, a behaviour called sexual cannibalism that many arachnids show while mating.1

In laboratory tests, redbacks survived an average of 100 days, and sometimes over 300 days, without food.1

After mating, a female can store sperm for up to two years and use it to fertilise several clutches of eggs.1

Spiderlings and larger females steal food from other spiders' webs, and spiderlings sometimes eat their less active siblings.1

Para expertos en pezoñas

Nome científico: Latrodectus hasselti
Grupo: Arañas
Familia: Theridiidae2
Orde: Araneae
Continentes: Australia e Oceanía
Crías: Each clutch averages 250 eggs, housed in a round white silken egg sac. Spiderlings hatch after about 8 days, though cooler temperatures can greatly slow this.1
Esperanza de vida: uns 3 anos1
Perigo para as persoas: 3 / 5: Grave3

De onde veñen os datos

Redback spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus hasselti (iNaturalist): nomes e clasificación.
Venom Wiki: o nivel de perigo, o tamaño típico e a velocidade estimada son nosos. Mira como os calculamos: Como valoramos o perigo.

Cada dato desta páxina ten un número que leva á súa fonte. Se nos equivocamos nalgo, sentímolo, somos fans dos animais, non unha revista científica. Dínolo en [email protected] e arranxarémolo.

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