Venom Wiki / Ebitonde byonna / Pit vipers (emisota egiwulira ebbugumu)

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Mamushi

Gloydius blomhoffii

Ku linnya: The specific name blomhoffii honours Jan Cock Blomhoff, who was director of the Dutch trading colony in Nagasaki, Japan, from 1817 to 1824.1

Kisobola okuttaKisobola okukutta nga tofunye bujjanjabi. Bwe kikuluma, funa obuyambi mangu.

Pit vipers (emisota egiwulira ebbugumu)

KirumaKirya: Ennyama

Akabi eri abantu: Kya kabi nnyoKisobola okutta omuntu atafunye bujjanjabi.

The mamushi is a pit viper, a type of snake that has heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in Japan, in places such as swamps, meadows and farmland. It matters because its bite is one of the most dangerous of Japan's snakes.1

Kibeera mu

Japan only. There is no evidence it occurs in the Ryukyu Islands.1

Asiya

Awaka

It lives in swamps, marshes, meadows, open woodland, rocky hillsides and montane rock outcroppings. It is often found in and around farmland because rodents are common there.1

Obuwanvu

45 cm okutuuka ku 81 cm (1,5 ft okutuuka ku 2,7 ft)1

Embiro ezisinga

nga 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Ku lukalu, kuteebereza bwokka

Kirya ki?

It is an ambush predator. It waits hidden in vegetation or leaf litter, then eats mainly rodents, along with small birds, lizards and insects.1

Ekifaananyi kya Mamushi — Mamushi. Ekifaananyi: Alpsdake. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Engeri y'okukitegeera

Background colour is pale grey, reddish-brown or yellow-brown.1
A series of irregular blotches runs along the body. Each blotch has a black border and often a lighter centre.1
The head is dark brown or black, with beige or pale-grey sides.1
Adults are typically 45 to 81 cm long.1
It has excellent camouflage and often hides among plants or leaf litter.1

Kitera okutabulwa ne: It is similar to the cottonmouths and copperheads (Agkistrodon) of the Americas, and it was long considered part of the same group.1

Amaanyi g'obusagwa

Kiruma

Obusagwa buyita mu mannyo gaakyo amawanvu (fangs) oba mu mannyo amalala nga kiruma.

Obusagwa bwakyo bukola ki?

Its venom is mostly haemolytic, meaning it breaks down red blood cells. It also contains two neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and an anticoagulant, which stops blood from clotting. Reported effects include kidney failure, visual disturbances and palsy (paralysis).1

Kirina akabi kenkana wa eri abantu?

Akabi eri abantu: Kya kabi nnyoKisobola okutta omuntu atafunye bujjanjabi.

About 2000 to 3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi each year. Approximately 10 die annually. Severe bites require intensive care, and typical bite victims need about one week of hospital treatment.1

Amawulire amalungi: abasawo balina eddagala (antivenom) oba obujjanjabi ku kino.1

Bwe kiruma

Treatment is given in hospital. It involves cutting the wound to remove venom and injecting mamushi antivenom. Pregnant women who are bitten have had miscarriages, so medical care is essential.1
Omuntu muleke ateetambula era ateefu, ekitundu ekirumiddwa kibeere ku buwanvu bw'omutima, ggyamu empeta n'ebintu ebinyweza, era omutwale mu ddwaliro mangu.

Bulijjo sooka kuba ennamba y'ebigwa bitalaze (112, 000, 911). Buno bulagirizi bwa bujjanjabi obusooka obwa bulijjo, si kuwabula kwa musawo. Obujjanjabi obusooka obw'omusingi

Weekuume

Tokwatako, tokwata wadde okusoomooza ensolo ey'omu nsiko, ne bw'eba ntono, era ne bw'eba erabika nga yeebase oba nga efudde.
Gireke n'ebbanga. Bw'osisinkana emu, beera mukkakkamu, dda emabega mpola era gireke egende mu kkubo lyayo.
Bw'emu ekuluma: beera mukkakkamu, totambula, kuba ennamba y'ebigwa bitalaze (112, 000, 911) oba tuuka mu ddwaliro mangu. Jjukira bwe yali efaanana, ekifaananyi kiyamba.

Tekikunoonya. Kikozesa obusagwa bwakyo okukwata emmere oba okwekuuma, era kyandisinze kwekweka. Ebirala ku kwekuuma

Wa mu nsi?

Afirika Asiya Bulaaya Amerika ey'Obukiikakkono Amerika ey'Obukiikaddyo Awusitureeliya ne Oseyaniya

Kinene kyenkana wa?

Kiwanvu kyenkana wa?

kiwanvu nga kkapa ez'awaka 1,5 okuva ku nnyindo okutuuka ku mukirakiwanvu nga ndiizi 5 eziteekeddwa mu lunyiririkyandisobodde okudduka mita 100 mu sikonda 110 (omuntu asinga embiro yeetaaga 9,6)

Mamushi kinene kyenkana wa bw'ogeraageranya ne GGWE?

Kubala bwokka mu browser yo. Tewali kitterekebwa wadde okusindikibwa wonna.

Kidduka kyenkana wa?

Enfuddu nga 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mamushi nga 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Omuntu atambula nga 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kirungi okumanya

Ebituufu

Recovery takes a long time. Bite victims may need several months to fully recover, even after hospital treatment and weeks of follow-up care.1

It is highly resistant to its own venom because its blood contains neutralising factors, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors.1

Its beta-toxin acts before the nerve junction, so anticholinesterase drugs cannot block or treat its effects.1

Its venom contains a peptide called ablomin, which is very similar in amino acid sequence to helothermine, a venom peptide of the Mexican beaded lizard.1

It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Japan, along with the yamakagashi and the Okinawan habu.1

Its venom varies very little across Japan in either potency or effects.1

Ku bakugu mu busagwa

Erinnya erya ssaayansi: Gloydius blomhoffii
Ekibinja: Pit vipers (emisota egiwulira ebbugumu)
Amaka: Viperidae2
Ensengeka: Squamata
Ssemazinga: Asiya
Akabi eri abantu: 4 / 5: Kya kabi nnyo3

Ebituufu we biva

Mamushi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Gloydius blomhoffii (iNaturalist): amannya n'ensengeka y'ebika.
Venom Wiki: omutendera gw'akabi, obunene obwa bulijjo n'okuteebereza kw'embiro bibyaffe. Laba engeri gye tubibalamu: Engeri gye tupimamu akabi.

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