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Kartun Caspian cobra
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Caspian cobra

Naja oxiana
Tentang nama: Naja is a Latin form of the Sanskrit word for cobra, and oxiana comes from Oxus, the ancient name of the Amu Darya river.1
Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling maut di Bumi. Jika ia menggigit kamu, panggil bantuan dengan segera.Bantuan segera dan antibisa menyelamatkan kebanyakan orang. Hubungi nombor kecemasan dengan segera.
Ular tedung, mamba & katam GigitanMakan: Daging
Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

The Caspian cobra is a highly venomous snake that lives in Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Many scientists consider it the most venomous cobra in the world. It is also a strong swimmer and a good climber.1

Hidup di
Central Asia, Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, Pakistan and far northern India1
Asia
Laman utama
It lives in dry, rocky or stony foothills covered with shrubs or scrub, up to about 3,000 m above sea level. It is often found near water and rarely far from it, and it lives in holes in embankments or in trees.1
Panjang
1 m hingga 1.7 m (3.3 ft hingga 5.6 ft)1
Kelajuan maksimum
kira-kira 7.5 km/j (4.7 mph)
Di darat, anggaran kasar
Apa yang ia makan?
It feeds mostly on small mammals and amphibians, and sometimes on fish, birds and their eggs. It also reportedly eats other snakes.1
Betul-betul!Gambar Caspian cobra
Caspian cobra. Gambar: Omid Mozaffari. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

  • Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, with no hood marks and no spots on the throat.1
  • Juveniles are pale and faded, with dark and light cross-bands of about equal width around the body.1
  • The hood is long and tapers gradually, unlike the rounder hood of some other cobras.1
  • It has several dark bands under the throat.1
  • It is never fully black, although some individuals can be quite dark.1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: The Caspian cobra is often confused with the Indian cobra, and the two live side by side in Pakistan and northern India. Indian cobras without a hood mark look similar. In the black form of the Indian cobra from Pakistan, almost the whole throat is black, while the Caspian cobra has several dark throat bands and is never fully black.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and most of the venom is made of short neurotoxins. It also contains cytotoxins, which can kill cells, and enzymes called nucleases, which damage tissue at the bite. Severe pain and swelling appear quickly, and weakness, drowsiness and paralysis of the throat and limbs can appear within an hour. The venom can also affect the heart during the first few hours, and at least one heart attack after a bite has been recorded.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

It is regarded as the most dangerous snake in Central Asia and has a high death rate. Between 1979 and 1987, 136 confirmed bites were attributed to it in the former Soviet Union. Of these, 8 people died after receiving antivenom, and 11 of the 15 who did not receive antivenom died. In Iran, it causes more deaths from snakebite than any other snake in the country. Without treatment, death can come in as little as 45 minutes or be delayed for up to 24 hours.1

Berita baik: doktor ada ubat (antibisa) atau rawatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

It tends to avoid people, but when cornered or provoked it spreads its hood, hisses, sways from side to side and strikes repeatedly.1

Jika ia menggigit

  • Medical treatment with antivenom is essential, because untreated bites are often fatal. Symptoms can worsen rapidly without treatment, so urgent medical care is needed.1
  • Pastikan orang itu tidak bergerak dan tenang, tanggalkan cincin dan barang yang ketat, dan pergi ke hospital dengan segera: rawatannya ialah antibisa.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

  • Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropahAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

Caspian cobra panjangnya kira-kira 1.7 m (5.6 ft)Orang dewasa kira-kira 1.7 m (5.6 ft)Basikal orang dewasa kira-kira 1.8 m (5.9 ft)
sepanjang 3 ekor kucing rumah dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 9 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujungboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 48 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar Caspian cobra berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

1

Many toxinological studies suggest that the Caspian cobra is the most venomous cobra in the world.1

2

A ribonuclease called ribonuclease V1, purified from its venom, is used as a laboratory reagent in molecular biology because it can break down structured RNA.1

3

It cannot spit venom, but it is a good climber and an able swimmer.1

4

It is the westernmost species of Asiatic cobra, and it can be found at heights of up to about 3,000 m.1

5

For most of the twentieth century it was treated as a subspecies of the Indian cobra, until genetic analysis showed it was a separate species.1

Pemecah mitos

Mitos: Caspian cobras are always black, like some Indian cobras.

Hakikat: The Caspian cobra is never fully black. Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, and it has several dark bands under the throat.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik
Naja oxiana
Kumpulan
Ular tedung, mamba & katam
Keluarga
Elapidae2
Susunan
Squamata
Benua-benua
Asia
Bahaya kepada manusia
5 / 5: Membawa maut3

Dari mana fakta datang

  1. Caspian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja oxiana (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
  3. Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini ada nombor yang menunjuk kepada sumbernya. Jika kami tersilap, maaf, kami peminat haiwan, bukan jurnal sains. Beritahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan betulkan.

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