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Chithunzi chojambula cha Brown recluse
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Brown recluse

Loxosceles reclusa
Za dzinali: The scientific name reclusa means 'recluse', which refers to the spider's shy, hidden way of life.1
Ikufuna dokotalaSiipha kawirikawiri, koma kulumidwa kumafuna dokotala.
Akangaude ImalumaImadya: Nyama
Ngozi kwa anthu: YoopsaKulumidwa kumafuna dokotala. Imfa ndi zosowa kwambiri.

The brown recluse is a small spider with a violin-shaped mark on its back. It lives mainly in the central and southern United States, where it hides in dark, quiet places such as woodpiles and sheds. It is one of only two North American spiders with dangerous venom, the other being the black widow.1

Imakhala ku
Southern and central United States, from southeastern Nebraska south to central Texas and western Georgia1
Amereka ya Kumpoto
Kunyumba
Brown recluses build irregular webs in dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets, garages, plenum spaces and cellars. In homes they seem to favour cardboard. People are usually bitten when the spider is trapped against the skin, for example inside clothes, shoes, towels, bedding or work gloves.1
Kutalika
6 mm mpaka 2 cm (0,2 in mpaka 0,8 in)1
Liwiro lapamwamba
pafupifupi 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)
Pamtunda, kuyerekeza chabe
Imadya chiyani?
Brown recluses leave their lairs at night to hunt, unlike most web-weaving spiders. If food becomes scarce, they will occasionally, though not habitually, eat other brown recluses.1
Zoona!Chithunzi cha Brown recluse
Brown recluse. Chithunzi: Rosa Pineda. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Mmene ungaizindikirire

  • A dark violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body, with the neck of the violin pointing towards the rear of the spider1
  • Typically light to medium brown, though colours range from whitish to dark brown or blackish grey1
  • Six eyes arranged in three pairs, while most spiders have eight1
  • No obvious patterns on the abdomen or legs, and no spines on the legs1
  • Usually 6 to 20 millimetres in body length, but may grow larger1

Nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi: The violin marking is not a reliable identifier, because cellar spiders and pirate spiders can have similar markings. The Mediterranean recluse, an introduced species, is almost indistinguishable from the brown recluse, so many reports of recluses are misidentifications. A spider in the genus Titiotus is the most common spider mistaken for a brown recluse in California, and its bite is considered harmless.1

Mphamvu ya ululu

Imaluma

Ululu umatuluka kudzera m'mano ake ikaluma.

Ululu wake umachita chiyani?

The venom is necrotic, meaning it destroys tissue. It contains a dermonecrotic agent called sphingomyelinase D, which kills the skin around the bite. In some cases the venom spreads through the body within minutes, causing nausea, vomiting, fever, rashes and muscle and joint pain. Rarely, it can burst red blood cells (hemolysis).1

Ndi yoopsa bwanji kwa anthu?

Ngozi kwa anthu: YoopsaKulumidwa kumafuna dokotala. Imfa ndi zosowa kwambiri.

Most bites cause no skin damage, and the spider is rarely aggressive. In one clinical study, skin necrosis occurred in 37% of diagnosed bites and systemic illness in 14%. Rarely, bites can cause organ damage or death. Most fatalities have been in children under seven or in people with weak immune systems. Children, the elderly and seriously ill people may be more susceptible to systemic effects.1

Imachita chiyani ikachita mantha?

When alarmed, it lowers its body, raises its pedipalps and stands still in a defensive pose. It usually flees, and if caught it may play dead.1

Ikaluma

  • Sambitsa polumidwapo ndipo ikapo paketi ya ayezi kuti uchepetse kupweteka. Peza thandizo la dokotala ngati kupweteka kuli kwakukulu, kukufalikira kapena munthuyo sakumva bwino.

Nthawi zonse yamba wayimbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911). Awa ndi malangizo wamba a chithandizo choyamba, osati malangizo a dokotala. Zoyambira za chithandizo choyamba

Khala wotetezeka

  • Usakhudze, kugwira kapena kuseweretsa nyama yakuthengo, ngakhale yaing'ono, ndipo ngakhale ikuoneka ngati yagona kapena yafa.
  • Ipatse malo. Ukakumana nayo, khala chete, bwerera m'mbuyo pang'onopang'ono ndipo uilole ipite njira yake.
  • Ikakuluma: khala chete, usasunthe, imbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911) kapena pita kuchipatala mwachangu. Kumbukira m'mene inkaonekera, chithunzi chimathandiza.

Sikufuna kukuvulaza. Imagwiritsa ntchito ululu wake kugwira chakudya kapena kudziteteza, ndipo imakonda kwambiri kubisala. Zambiri za kukhala wotetezeka

Kuti padziko lapansi?

AfricaAsiaUlayaAmereka ya KumpotoAmereka ya KumweraAustralia ndi Oceania

Ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Ndi yaitali bwanji?

Brown recluse yaitali pafupifupi 2 cm (0,8 in)Njere ya mpunga pafupifupi 7 mm (0,3 in)Ndalama yachitsulo ya 1 euro pafupifupi 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
yaitali pafupifupi ngati kachitsulo komangira mapepala

Brown recluse ndi yaikulu bwanji poyerekeza ndi IWE?

Ndi masamu chabe mu msakatuli wako. Palibe chomwe chimasungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kwina.

Imathamanga bwanji?

zoyenera kudziwa

Mfundo

1

One brown recluse survived for over five seasons in captivity without any food at all.1

2

In 2001, more than 2,000 brown recluses were removed from a heavily infested home in Kansas, yet the four residents who had lived there for years were never harmed.1

3

When a leg is lost, the brown recluse does not grow a new one in later moults, unlike the huntsman spider.1

4

Brown recluses do not balloon, which limits how far they can spread across the landscape.1

5

Males move around more when hunting than females, which tend to stay near their webs.1

Kuthetsa nthano zabodza

Nthano yabodza: Brown recluses are common in California and the western United States, where they cause many bites.

Zoona: The brown recluse has not established itself in California or anywhere outside its native range. Many reported bites there are misdiagnosed, and other spiders are often wrongly identified as brown recluses.1

Za akatswiri a ululu

Dzina la sayansi
Loxosceles reclusa
Gulu
Akangaude
Banja
Sicariidae2
Dongosolo
Araneae
Makontinenti
Amereka ya Kumpoto
Ana akhanda
Each female produces several egg sacs between May and July, with about 50 eggs in each sac. The eggs hatch in about one month, and the young take about a year to reach adulthood.1
Ngozi kwa anthu
3 / 5: Yoopsa3

Kumene mfundo zimachokera

  1. Brown recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Loxosceles reclusa (iNaturalist): mayina ndi magulu a sayansi.
  3. Venom Wiki: mlingo wa ngozi, kukula wamba ndi kuyerekeza kwa liwiro ndi zathu. Ona mmene timazipezera: Mmene timayezera ngozi.

Mfundo iliyonse patsamba lino ili ndi nambala yosonyeza kochokera. Ngati talakwitsa, pepani, ndife okonda nyama, osati magazini a sayansi. Tiuze pa [email protected] ndipo tikonza.

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