Venom Wiki / Inyamaswa zose / Vipera na adder

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Impiri ya Russell

Daboia russelii

Ibyerekeye izina: Yitiriwe Patrick Russell, umuhanga mu bidukikije wasobanuye iyi nzoka mu 1796. Izina ry'ubwoko bwayo (Daboia) bikekwa ko rikomoka ku ijambo ry'Igihindi daboyā, risobanura "icyihisha" cyangwa "icyubikiriye".1

YicaImwe mu nyamaswa zica cyane ku Isi. Niba ikurumye, hamagara ubutabazi ako kanya.Ubufasha bwihuse n'umuti urwanya ubumara (antivenom) bikiza abantu benshi. Hamagara nimero y'ubutabazi ako kanya.

Vipera na adder

IrarumaIrya: Inyama

Akaga ku bantu: YicaImwe mu nyamaswa ziteje akaga kurusha izindi ku isi.

Impiri ya Russell ni inzoka ifite ubumara bukaze cyane iboneka muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo. Ni imwe mu nzoka enye z'ubumara zizwi nka "Bane Bakomeye" (Big Four) bo muri ako karere. Izwiho kurya kubabaza cyane. Akenshi iba hafi y'abantu, kuko ihiga imbeba ziba mu mirima no mu midugudu.1

Iba muri

Mu Buhinde, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal na Pakisitani, muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo1

Aziya

Ahabanza

Iba ahantu hafunguye harimo ibyatsi cyangwa ibihuru, mu mashyamba y'ibihuru, mu mashyamba yatewe no mu mirima. Akenshi iba mu bibaya, mu turere tw'inkombe turi hasi no ku misozi. Ikunze kuboneka mu mijyi no mu midugudu, aho imbeba ari nyinshi. Ni yo mpamvu abantu bakorera hanze muri utwo turere ari bo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurumwa.1

Uburebure

1,7 m (5,4 ft)1

Uburebure ntarengwa bw'umubiri n'umurizo. Ugereranyije, ireshya na cm 120 ku mugabane wa Aziya, kandi ku birwa iba ngufiya gato.

Umuvuduko wo hejuru

hafi 3,9 km/h (2,4 mph)

Ku butaka, ikigereranyo cy'ugereranyije

Irya iki?

Ahanini irya imbeba. Irya kandi ibikururanda bito, inkara zo ku butaka, sikorupiyo n'utundi dusimba dufite amaguru agizwe n'ingingo. Inzoka nto zihiga imiserebanya mu kabwibwi, zakura zikibanda ku kurya imbeba.1

Ifoto ya Impiri ya Russell — Impiri ya Russell. Ifoto: AChawla. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Uko wayimenya

Umubiri w'umuhondo wijimye, w'ikigina cyangwa w'ikijuju, ufite imirongo itatu y'amabara y'ikijuju cyijimye ikurikirana mu burebure bwawo1
Buri bara ryijimye rizengurutswe n'uruziga rw'umukara rufite umuzenguruko w'umweru cyangwa w'umuhondo1
Amabara abiri yijimye ku mpande z'umutwe (ku ruhanga), n'ikimenyetso kimeze nka V cyangwa X ku mutwe, gisa n'iroza, n'ibara rya salumoni cyangwa n'ikijuju1
Umutwe uringaniye, umeze nka mpandeshatu, utandukanye neza n'ijosi1
Umubiri ubyibushye kandi uburungushuye, ufite umurizo mugufi, ungana na 14% by'uburebure bwose1

Ikunze kwitiranywa na: Inzoka yitwa sand boa ifite amagaragamba (Eryx conicus) akenshi igira amabara asa n'ay'impiri ya Russell. Ntigira ingaruka na nke ku bantu, ariko na none ugomba kwitondera inzoka yose isa gutya.1

Imbaraga z'ubumara

Iraruma

Ubumara busohokera mu menyo yayo y'ubumara cyangwa mu yandi menyo iyo iriye.

Ubumara bwayo bukora iki?

Amenyo yayo y'ubumara ni maremare kandi afite umwobo imbere. Ikora ubumara bwinshi: zimwe mu nyandiko zivuga ko inzoka nkuru itanga ubumara buri hagati ya mg 130 na mg 250. Ibimenyetso byo kurumwa bitangirana n'ububabare bukabije no kubyimba, hagakurikiraho kuva amaraso mu ishinya no mu nkari, umuvuduko w'amaraso ukagabanuka, n'umutima ugatera buhoro. Ibisebe by'amazi (ibibyimba by'amazi) bishobora gukwira ku kuguru cyangwa ku kuboko kwarumwe. Impyiko zireka gukora ku bantu bagera kuri 25 kugeza kuri 30 ku ijana barumwe batavuwe.1

Iteje akaga kangana iki ku bantu?

Akaga ku bantu: YicaImwe mu nyamaswa ziteje akaga kurusha izindi ku isi.

Izwiho kurya kubabaza cyane, kandi ni imwe mu nzoka enye z'ubumara zizwi nka "Bane Bakomeye" bo muri ako karere. Ingano y'ubumara yica abantu benshi ni hafi mg 40 kugeza kuri mg 70, kandi ibyo biri mu rugero inzoka ishobora gutanga mu kuruma rimwe. Urupfu rushobora kuza hagati y'umunsi 1 n'iminsi 14 nyuma yo kurumwa, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe nyuma yaho, bitewe n'ubwandu, impyiko zireka gukora, guhumeka bigahagarara cyangwa umutima ugahagarara. Mu bushakashatsi bumwe bwakozwe ku bantu barokotse nyuma yo kurumwa, 29% bagize ibibazo bikomeye ku mvubura ya pituitari (pituitary gland), nyuma bibatera indwara yo kudakora neza kw'iyo mvubura (hypopituitarism).1

Inkuru nziza: abaganga bafite umuti (umuti urwanya ubumara, antivenom) cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura ibi.1

Ikora iki iyo ifite ubwoba?

Iyo yumva ibangamiwe, yizinga ikora amazinga menshi ameze nka S, ikazamura igice cya mbere cy'umubiri wayo kingana na kimwe cya gatatu, kandi igacira cyane (ikavuza urusaku nk'urw'umwuka uhunga).1

Niba iruma

Kuvurwa hakiri kare no kubona hakiri kare umuti urwanya ubumara bw'inzoka (antivenin) bishobora kurinda ingaruka zikomeye kandi bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo gupfa. Nyuma yo kurumwa uko ari ko kose, jya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka.1
Umuntu agume atanyeganyega kandi atuje, urugingo rwarumwe rugume ku rwego rumwe n'umutima, mukuremo impeta n'ibindi bintu bifashe cyane, kandi mujye ku bitaro vuba.

Buri gihe banza uhamagare nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911). Izi ni inama rusange z'ubutabazi bw'ibanze, si inama za muganga. Ibanze by'ubutabazi bw'ibanze

Irinde akaga

Ntuzigere ukora, ufata cyangwa ushotora inyamaswa yo mu gasozi, nubwo yaba ntoya, kandi nubwo yasa n'isinziriye cyangwa yapfuye.
Yihe umwanya. Niba uhuye n'imwe, tuza, usubire inyuma buhoro buhoro kandi uyireke yigendere.
Niba imwe ikurumye: tuza, ntunyeganyege, hamagara nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911) cyangwa ujye ku bitaro vuba. Ibuka uko yasaga, ifoto irafasha.

Ntigushakisha ngo ikugirire nabi. Ikoresha ubumara bwayo kugira ngo ifate ibyo kurya cyangwa yirinde, kandi ikunda cyane kwihisha. Ibindi ku kwirinda

Ni hehe ku isi?

Afurika Aziya Uburayi Amerika y'Amajyaruguru Amerika y'Amajyepfo Ositaraliya na Oseyaniya

Ingana gute?

Ireshya ite?

ireshya n'injangwe zo mu rugo 3 zikurikiranye kuva ku zuru kugeza ku murizoireshya n'imineke 9 ikurikiranyeyakwiruka metero 100 mu masegonda 92 (umuntu wihuta kurusha abandi akenera 9,6)

Impiri ya Russell ingana ite ugereranyije NAWE?

Ni imibare gusa ikorerwa muri mudasobwa yawe. Nta kintu kibikwa cyangwa cyoherezwa ahandi.

Yihuta gute?

Akanyamasyo hafi 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Impiri ya Russell hafi 3,9 km/h (2,4 mph)

Umuntu ugenda n'amaguru hafi 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

bikwiye kumenywa

Ibintu by'ukuri

Iyo iriye, ishobora gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi cyane ku buryo inzoka nini zizamuka zikava hasi.1

Bivugwa ko urusaku rwayo iyo icira rurenga urw'izindi nzoka zose.1

Inzoka nkuru akenshi zigenda buhoro kandi ziba zituje, kandi ntizikunze gutera keretse zishotowe. Ariko zishobora kuruma vuba cyane.1

Inzoka itagira ingaruka yitwa sand boa yagiye igira amabara asa n'ay'iyi mpiri, bishobora kuyifasha guhunga inyamaswa ziyihiga.1

Nyina ashobora kumara amasaha agera kuri 4,5 abyara, nk'uko byagaragaye igihe kimwe yabyaraga ibyana 11.1

Usenya ibinyoma

Ikinyoma: Impiri za Russell zirukankana abantu zikabaruma.

Ukuri: Akenshi ntizitera keretse zishotowe. Uburyo zikangamo, zizinga zikora amazinga ameze nka S kandi zicira, ni bwo bwatumye abantu bibwira ko zirukankana abantu. Ariko zifite imbaraga, kandi zishobora kwitwara nabi cyane iyo umuntu azifashe.1

Ku bahanga mu by'ubumara

Izina rya siyansi: Daboia russelii
Itsinda: Vipera na adder
Umuryango: Viperidae2
Itsinda rinini (order): Squamata
Imigabane: Aziya
Abana bato: Ibyara ibyana bizima (ovovivipare: amagi aturagirwa mu nda ya nyina). Akenshi ibyara ibyana 20 kugeza kuri 40, nubwo ishobora kubyara n'icyana kimwe gusa. Umubare munini wigeze kubarurwa ni ibyana 75.1
Akaga ku bantu: 5 / 5: Yica3

Aho ibintu bivugwa bituruka

Russell's viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Daboia russelii (iNaturalist): amazina n'ibyiciro.
Venom Wiki: urwego rw'akaga, ingano isanzwe n'ikigereranyo cy'umuvuduko ni ibyacu bwite. Reba uko tubibara: Uko tugena akaga.

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