Venom Wiki
Venom Wiki / Zvisikwa zvose / Mavhaipa nemaadder
Katuni yaSpider-tailed horned viper
Nhamba 0375 pa1 402

Spider-tailed horned viper

Pseudocerastes urarachnoides
Nezvezita: The scientific name comes from Ancient Greek words meaning tail, spider and 'like', because of its spider-like tail tip.1
Inoda chirembaHaiwanzouraya, asi kurumwa kunoda chiremba.
Mavhaipa nemaadder InorumaInodya: Nyama
Ngozi kuvanhu: YakakombaKurumwa kunoda chiremba. Kufa hakuwanzoitiki zvachose.

The spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1

Inogara mu
Western Iran and the eastern part of Iraq, near the Iran-Iraq border, mainly on the western side of the Zagros Mountains1
Asia
Kumba
It lives at higher elevations, mostly on rocky ground made of gypsum, and prefers deep cracks and holes in the rock. These spots trap humidity and moisture during hot summers. During the day it is most often found in the shade of a shrub.1
Kureba
60 cm (2 ft)3
saizi yakajairika yemhuka yakura
Kumhanya kukuru
kunenge 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)
Pasi pevhu, kufungidzira
Inodya chii?
It eats birds, including the Isabelline shrike and several warbler species. It waves the tip of its tail in a figure-of-eight pattern to lure insect-eating birds within striking range.1
Chaizvo!Mufananidzo waSpider-tailed horned viper
Spider-tailed horned viper. Mufananidzo: Omid Mozaffari. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

Maziviro ayo

  • The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
  • About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
  • The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
  • The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
  • It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1

Inowanzovhiringidzwa ne: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1

Simba reuturu

Inoruma

Uturu hunobuda nemeno ayo painoruma.

Uturu hwayo hunoitei?

Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1

Ine ngozi yakadii kuvanhu?

Ngozi kuvanhu: YakakombaKurumwa kunoda chiremba. Kufa hakuwanzoitiki zvachose.

No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1

Kana ikaruma

  • Chengeta munhu asingafambe uye akadzikama, chengeta nhengo yakarumwa yakaenzana nemwoyo, bvisa mhete nezvinhu zvakasunga, uende kuchipatara nokukurumidza.

Gara uchitanga wafonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911). Iri izano rakajairika rerubatsiro rwekutanga, kwete zano rechiremba. Zvakakosha zverubatsiro rwekutanga

Gara wakachengeteka

  • Usambobata mhuka yesango, kuedza kuitora kana kuinetsa, kunyange iri diki, uye kunyange ichiita seyakarara kana yakafa.
  • Ipa nzvimbo. Kana ukasangana nayo, dzikama, dzokera shure zvishoma nezvishoma uirege iende nenzira yayo.
  • Kana imwe ikakuruma: dzikama, gara wakanyarara, fonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911) kana kuti enda kuchipatara nokukurumidza. Rangarira kuti yaitaridzika sei, mufananidzo unobatsira.

Haisi kukutsvaga. Inoshandisa uturu hwayo kubata chikafu kana kuzvidzivirira, uye inotonyanya kuda kuhwanda. Zvimwe pamusoro pekugara wakachengeteka

Kupi pasi rose?

AfrikaAsiaYuropuAmerika yeKuchamhembeAmerika yeKumaodzanyembaAustralia neOceania

Yakakura sei?

Yakareba zvakadii?

Spider-tailed horned viper kunenge 60 cm kureba (2 ft)Katsi yepamba kunenge 50 cm (1,6 ft)Imbwa kunenge 1 m (3,3 ft)
yakareba semabhanana 3 akateedzanainogona kumhanya mamita 100 mumasekondi 110 (munhu anomhanyisa kupfuura vose anoda 9.6)

Spider-tailed horned viper yakakura sei kana yaenzaniswa NEWE?

Masvomhu chete mubrowser yako. Hapana chinochengetwa kana kutumirwa kupi zvako.

Inomhanya zvakadii?

zvakanaka kuziva

Chokwadi

1

Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1

2

Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1

3

A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1

4

Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1

5

Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1

6

A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1

Kuputsa ngano

Ngano: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.

Chokwadi: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1

Kune nyanzvi dzeuturu

Zita resainzi
Pseudocerastes urarachnoides
Boka
Mavhaipa nemaadder
Mhuri
Viperidae2
Odha
Squamata
Makondinendi
Asia
Ngozi kuvanhu
3 / 5: Yakakomba3

Kwakabva chokwadi

  1. Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): mazita nekurongwa kwemhuka.
  3. Venom Wiki: danho rengozi, saizi yakajairika nekufungidzira kwekumhanya ndezvedu. Ona kuti tinozviwana sei: Matinoyera ngozi.

Chokwadi chimwe nechimwe pane peji rino chine nhamba inoratidza kwachakabva. Kana takakanganisa, ruregerero, tiri vanoda mhuka, kwete magazini yesainzi. Tiudze pa[email protected] tichazvigadzirisa.

Chinyavada chine nzara! Venom Wiki iprojekiti yemunhu mumwe: yemahara, isina kushambadza uye isina zvinokuteedzera. Chipo chidiki chinobatsira kuti irambe iri paindaneti.Fudza chinyavada

Zvimwe kubva muboka rimwe chete: Mavhaipa nemaadder

Indian saw-scaled viperMavhaipa nemaadderInourayaPuff adderMavhaipa nemaadderInourayaBvumbi raRussellMavhaipa nemaadderInourayaCommon European adderMavhaipa nemaadderInoda chirembaEastern Russell's viperMavhaipa nemaadderInourayaNortheast African carpet viperMavhaipa nemaadderInouraya

Inogarawo mu: Asia

DeathstalkerZvinyavadaInourayaIndian cobraMacobra, mamba nemakraitInourayaKing cobraMacobra, mamba nemakraitInourayaAsian giant hornetNyuchi, mago nemahornetInogona kuurayaKomodo dragonMadzvinyu ane uturuInogona kuurayaSpanish flyDzimwe mhuka dzine chepfuInoda chirembaUsabata
Fudza chinyavadachirongo chezvipo, chinoichengeta iri mahara