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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Greenland shark
No. 1397 ho 1 402

Greenland shark

Somniosus microcephalus
Ka lebitso: Its family, Somniosidae, is known as the sleeper sharks.1
E utlwisa bohloko feelaE a utlwisa bohloko, empa e ke ke ya o lematsa haholo.
Diphoofolo tse ding tse chefang E a chefa ha e jewaE ja: NamaE chefang, eseng e nang le chefo
Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

The Greenland shark is a huge, slow shark that lives in the cold, deep waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. It is famous for living longer than any known vertebrate (animal with a backbone). Its flesh is poisonous to eat unless it is specially prepared.1

E chefang kapa e nang le chefo? Diphoofolo tse nang le chefo di kenya chefo ka ho loma kapa ka ho hlaba. Diphoofolo tse chefang di kotsi ha o di ama kapa o di ja. Ena ke e chefang.
E phela
North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans1
Lewatle la Arctic, Lewatle la Atlantic
Lapeng
It lives in cold deep water, usually between 100 and 1,200 metres down, where temperatures range from -1.1 to 7.4 °C. In winter it gathers in shallower water for warmth. It is sometimes seen around fishing boats and herds of seals, where it is drawn by the smell of rotting meat.1
Bolelele
4 m ho isa ho 6,4 m (13 ft ho isa ho 21 ft)1
Boima
1023 kg (2255 lb)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 2,6 km/h (1,6 mph)
Ho sesa: e nngwe ya dishaka tse diehang ka ho fetisisa tse kileng tsa lekanngwa
E ja eng?
It is both a scavenger and an active predator, eating fish, seals, squid and sometimes small whales. It may ambush seals while they are asleep, and it uses suction to draw prey into its mouth. It also eats carrion.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Greenland shark
Greenland shark. Foto: Hemming1952. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • A thickset, heavy body with a short, rounded snout1
  • Small eyes and small dorsal and pectoral fins1
  • Five very small gill openings for its size1
  • Colour ranges from pale creamy-grey to blackish-brown, usually uniform, sometimes with whitish spots or faint dark streaks on the back1
  • Often has small parasitic copepods (crustaceans) attached to its eyes1

Matla a chefo

E a chefa ha e jewa

E kotsi feela haeba ho na le se e jang.

Chefo ya yona (e chefang ha o e ama kapa o e ja) e etsang?

The shark is not venomous. Its meat is poisonous to mammals because it contains high levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a natural chemical that makes the flesh toxic.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

Greenland sharks are not considered a threat to people, because they live deep in remote, cold waters. Only one possible attack is recorded, in 1936, and it was never linked to this species. One unverified report from around 1859 describes a human leg found in a shark's stomach.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

When hauled onto a boat, it thrashes its tail so violently that it is dangerous to stand near it, and its muscles can still twitch after death.1

Haeba motho a e amme kapa a e jele

  • Haeba motho a e jele kapa a na le matshwao ka mora ho e ja: letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso kapa setsi sa chefo (poison centre) hang-hang.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba o e amme kapa o e jele: o se ke wa hohla mahlo kapa molomo, hlatswa matsoho mme o fumane thuso ya bongaka.

Ha e o batle. Chefo ya yona e teng feela hore ho se be le letho le e jang. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le OceaniaLewatle la AtlanticLewatle la Arctic

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Greenland shark bolelele ba e ka bang 6,4 m (21 ft)Koloi e ka bang 4,5 m (15 ft)Bese ya toropo e ka bang 12 m (39 ft)

E boima hakae?

e boima jwaloka dintja tse 51
e telele jwaloka dintja tse 6 ho tloha nkong ho isa mohatlenge telele jwaloka dibanana tse 36 tse latellanange ka sesa bolelele ba letangwane le leholo la ho sesa (50 m) ka metsotswana e 69

Greenland shark e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

It is thought to have the longest lifespan of any known vertebrate, estimated at between 272 and 510 years.1

2

It is one of the slowest-swimming fish for its size, with a fastest cruising speed of about 2.7 km/h.1

3

Parasitic copepods often attach to its eyes and can damage them, but this does not seem to shorten its life, because it relies mainly on smell and hearing.1

4

It is one of the largest shark species alive, with the largest confirmed specimen weighing around 1,023 kg.1

5

In Iceland, a specially treated form of its meat is eaten as a pungent delicacy called kæstur hákarl.1

6

Its slow metabolism is thought to be linked to its very long life, although this is still a hypothesis.1

Ho senya ditshomo

Tshomo: The Greenland shark is a dangerous threat to humans.

Nnete: It is not considered a threat to people. It lives deep in cold, remote waters, and the only report of a possible attack was never confirmed as this species.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Somniosus microcephalus
Sehlopha
Diphoofolo tse ding tse chefang
Lelapa
Somniosidae2
Tatelano
Squaliformes
Dikontinente
Lewatle la Arctic, Lewatle la Atlantic, Mawatle
Masea
Pups are born alive, after an estimated gestation period of 8 to 18 years. Females reach sexual maturity at around 150 years of age.1
Kotsi ho batho
2 / 5: E bohloko3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Greenland shark (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Somniosus microcephalus (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Tse ding tsa sehlopha se le seng: Diphoofolo tse ding tse chefang

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E boetse e phela: Lewatle la Arctic

Lion's mane jellyfishDi-jellyfish le diphoofolo tsa lewatle tse hlabangE utlwisa bohloko feelaO se ke wa amaMoon jellyfishDi-jellyfish le diphoofolo tsa lewatle tse hlabangHa e na kotsiSpiny dogfishDitlhapi tse nang le chefoE utlwisa bohloko feelaO se ke wa amaBootlace wormDi-sea urchin, dinaledi tsa lewatle le dibokoHa e na kotsi
Fepa phephengnkgo ya ditjhelete tsa teboho, e e boloka e le mahala