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Venom Wiki / Diphoofolo tsohle / Di-viper le di-adder
Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Rhinoceros viper
No. 0323 ho 1 402

Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis
Ka lebitso: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1
E ka bolayaE ka o bolaya ntle le kalafo. Ha e ka o loma, fumana thuso kapele.
Di-viper le di-adder Ho lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

E phela
Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1
Afrika
Lapeng
It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1
Bolelele
72 cm ho isa ho 1,1 m (2,4 ft ho isa ho 3,5 ft)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)
Naheng, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Rhinoceros viper
Rhinoceros viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
  • Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
  • Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
  • Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
  • Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Matla a chefo

Ho loma

Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Ditaba tse monate: dingaka di na le moriana (antivenom) kapa kalafo bakeng sa sena.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Haeba e loma

  • Boloka motho a sa sisinyehe ebile a kgutsitse, boloka setho se lomilweng se lekana le bophahamo ba pelo, tlosa mesale le dintho tse tiileng, mme o mo ise sepetlele kapele.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Rhinoceros viper bolelele ba e ka bang 1,1 m (3,5 ft)Ntja e ka bang 1 m (3,3 ft)Motho e moholo e ka bang 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
e telele jwaloka dikatse tsa lapeng tse 2 ho tloha nkong ho isa mohatlenge telele jwaloka dibanana tse 6 tse latellanange ka matha metara e 100 ka metsotswana e 100 (motho ya potlakang ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Rhinoceros viper e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

2

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

3

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

4

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

5

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Ho senya ditshomo

Tshomo: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Nnete: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Bitis nasicornis
Sehlopha
Di-viper le di-adder
Lelapa
Viperidae2
Tatelano
Squamata
Dikontinente
Afrika
Masea
It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Kotsi ho batho
4 / 5: E kotsi haholo3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Phepheng e lapile! Venom Wiki ke projeke ya motho a le mong: ke mahala, ha e na dipapatso ebile ha e na di-tracker. Thuso e nyenyane ya tjhelete e e boloka e ntse e le inthaneteng.Fepa phepheng

Tse ding tsa sehlopha se le seng: Di-viper le di-adder

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E boetse e phela: Afrika

Black mambaDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolayaDeathstalkerDiphephengE a bolayaEgyptian cobraDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolayaBoomslangDinoha tse meno a ka moraoE ka bolayaFat-tailed scorpionDiphephengE ka bolayaWestern honey beeDinotshi, di-wasp le di-hornetE utlwisa bohloko feela
Fepa phephengnkgo ya ditjhelete tsa teboho, e e boloka e le mahala