No. 0630 ho 1 402

Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

E hloka ngakaHa e atise ho bolaya, empa ho longwa ho hloka ngaka.

Ho lomaE ja: Nama

Kotsi ho batho: E tebilengHo longwa ho hloka ngaka. Lefu le etsahala ka seoelo haholo.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

E phela

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

Amerika Leboya

Lapeng

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

Bolelele

8 mm ho isa ho 1,3 cm (0,3 in ho isa ho 0,5 in)1

Lebelo le phahameng

e ka bang 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Naheng, kakanyo feela

E ja eng?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Foto ya Southern black widow — Southern black widow. Foto: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ho e tseba jwang

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

Matla a chefo

Ho loma

Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E tebilengHo longwa ho hloka ngaka. Lefu le etsahala ka seoelo haholo.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

Ditaba tse monate: dingaka di na le moriana (antivenom) kapa kalafo bakeng sa sena.1

Haeba e loma

Hlatswa moo e lomileng teng mme o bee pakete ya leqhwa hodima teng bakeng sa bohloko. Fumana thuso ya bongaka haeba bohloko bo le matla, bo phatlalla kapa motho a ikutlwa a kula.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

Afrika Asia Yuropa Amerika Leboya Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

e nyenyane hoo e ka dulang lenalong la hao

Southern black widow e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

Kgudu e ka bang 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Southern black widow e ka bang 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Motho ya tsamayang e ka bang 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

Ho senya ditshomo

Tshomo: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

Nnete: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense: Latrodectus mactans
Sehlopha: Dikgo
Lelapa: Theridiidae2
Tatelano: Araneae
Dikontinente: Amerika Leboya
Masea: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
Nako ya bophelo: e ka bang dilemo tse 31
Kotsi ho batho: 3 / 5: E tebileng3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

Latrodectus mactans (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus mactans (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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