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Spider-tailed horned viper
Ho lomaThe spider-tailed horned viper is a venomous snake with a tail tip that looks like a spider. It lives only in the mountains of western Iran and the nearby eastern part of Iraq. It wiggles its tail to lure birds close enough to catch.1
Ho e tseba jwang
- The scales above each eye rise up into small horns.1
- About 16 to 17 scales sit between the horns.1
- The bulb-shaped tail tip is bordered by long, drooping scales that look like spider legs.1
- The scales on the body are rougher than those of other species in its genus.1
- It has 15 pairs of subcaudal scales (the scales on the underside of the tail).1
Hangata e ferekanngwa le: It looks very similar to other Pseudocerastes vipers in the region, especially around the head. The unusual, spider-like tail tip is the feature that sets it apart.1
Matla a chefo
Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.
Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?
Its venom mainly acts as a cytotoxin, which destroys cells across a wide variety of cell types, and it has minor neurotoxic effects, which attack the nerves. It is a procoagulant, meaning it makes blood clot, and reports describe clotting in about 13 seconds. The venom affects birds most strongly, and also affects mammals and amphibians. A 2021 study by Brouw found it has a coagulant effect on humans and affects Factor X, a protein needed for blood clotting.1
E kotsi hakae ho batho?
Kotsi ho batho: E tebilengHo longwa ho hloka ngaka. Lefu le etsahala ka seoelo haholo.No human bite has ever been recorded in the wild. How severe its effects would be on people is not known.1
Haeba e loma
- Boloka motho a sa sisinyehe ebile a kgutsitse, boloka setho se lomilweng se lekana le bophahamo ba pelo, tlosa mesale le dintho tse tiileng, mme o mo ise sepetlele kapele.
Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele
Dula o bolokehile
- O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
- E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
- Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.
Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile
Hokae lefatsheng?
E kgolo hakae?
E telele hakae?
e telele jwaloka dibanana tse 3 tse latellanang
e ka matha metara e 100 ka metsotswana e 110 (motho ya potlakang ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)Spider-tailed horned viper e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?
Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.
E potlaka hakae?
Dintlha
Its tail is moved in a figure-of-eight pattern, and it moves faster when birds are nearby. Field studies have confirmed that this is a lure and not random movement.1
Footage of it luring migrating birds appears in the Asia episode of the BBC series Seven Worlds, One Planet, narrated by David Attenborough.1
A digested lark was found in the stomach of one of the specimens used to describe the species, supporting the idea that the tail lures birds.1
Its tail tip is a form of aggressive mimicry, where a predator looks like something else to attract its prey.1
Several other snakes, such as the sidewinder and the green tree python, also use the tip of their tail as a lure, but none has the elongated scales that look like arthropod legs.1
A specimen collected in 1968 was first identified as a Persian horned viper. It was only recognised as a separate species and described in 2006.1
Ho senya ditshomo
Tshomo: The strange tail tip was caused by a parasite, a deformity or a tumour.
Nnete: Early specimens were thought to have a damaged tail tip. In fact, the spider-like tail is a natural feature that the snake uses to lure birds.1
Moo dintlha di tswang teng
- Spider-tailed horned viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
- Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.
Taba e nngwe le e nngwe leqepheng lena e na le nomoro e bontshang mohlodi wa yona. Haeba re entse phoso, re kopa tshwarelo, re barati ba diphoofolo, hase makasine wa saense. Re bolelle ho [email protected] mme re tla e lokisa.
Phepheng e lapile! Venom Wiki ke projeke ya motho a le mong: ke mahala, ha e na dipapatso ebile ha e na di-tracker. Thuso e nyenyane ya tjhelete e e boloka e ntse e le inthaneteng.Fepa phephengTse ding tsa sehlopha se le seng: Di-viper le di-adder
Indian saw-scaled viperDi-viper le di-adderE a bolaya
Puff adderDi-viper le di-adderE a bolaya
Noha ea RussellDi-viper le di-adderE a bolaya
Common European adderDi-viper le di-adderE hloka ngaka
Eastern Russell's viperDi-viper le di-adderE a bolaya
Northeast African carpet viperDi-viper le di-adderE a bolayaE boetse e phela: Asia
DeathstalkerDiphephengE a bolaya
Indian cobraDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolaya
King cobraDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolaya
Asian giant hornetDinotshi, di-wasp le di-hornetE ka bolaya
Komodo dragonMekgodutswane e nang le chefoE ka bolaya
Spanish flyDiphoofolo tse ding tse chefangE hloka ngakaO se ke wa ama