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Alcatrazes lancehead

Bothrops alcatraz

Kuhusu jina: Named after the Alcatrazes Islands, where it is found.1

Anahitaji daktariMara chache huua, lakini kuumwa kunahitaji daktari.

Nyoka wenye vishimo

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The Alcatrazes lancehead is a small pit viper, a venomous snake that senses heat with pits on its face. It lives only on Ilha Alcatrazes, a small island off the coast of southeastern Brazil. It is special because its island home has shaped it over thousands of years into a snake that stays small.1

Anaishi

Ilha Alcatrazes, one of four islands in the Alcatrazes Archipelago, about 35 km off the coast of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil1

Amerika Kusini

Nyumbani

It lives in low Atlantic Forest vegetation on Ilha Alcatrazes, an island of only 1.35 km². The highest point on the island is 266 metres above sea level.1

Urefu

50 cm (1.7 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.3 kwa saa (maili 2.1 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It eats small lizards, centipedes and amphibians. Its main food was rodents, but once it was isolated on the island it began eating cockroaches and centipedes as well.1

Picha ya Alcatrazes lancehead — Alcatrazes lancehead. Picha: Douglas Bete. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

A small pit viper, reaching a maximum length of about 46 cm in males and 50 cm in females.1
Relatively large eyes for its body size.1
Found only on the Alcatrazes Islands, so it is not expected anywhere else in Brazil.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: Its island population was once connected to the mainland, where the common Bothrops still lives. Its small size and large eyes set it apart from these larger relatives.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

Akiuma

Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na ndizi 3 zilizopangwa mstariurefu sawa na matofali 16 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 110 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Alcatrazes lancehead ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Alcatrazes lancehead takriban km 3.3 kwa saa (2.1 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Over time, isolated snakes shrank in size, a process known as allopatric speciation, because their food supply was less nutritious.1

About 15,000 years ago, rising seas cut the island off from the mainland, and its snakes became isolated.1

The island was once used as a naval target practice area.1

Its small size and relatively large eyes are considered juvenile (paedomorphic) features.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Bothrops alcatraz
Kundi: Nyoka wenye vishimo
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Amerika Kusini
Hali yake porini: Vulnerable (IUCN Red List)1
Hatari kwa watu: 3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Bothrops alcatraz (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops alcatraz (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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