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Katuni ya Brazilian lancehead
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Brazilian lancehead

Bothrops moojeni
Kuhusu jina: The specific name moojeni honours the Brazilian zoologist João Moojen de Oliveira (1904–1985).1
Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.
Nyoka wenye vishimo KuumwaHula: Nyama
Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Brazilian lancehead is a highly venomous snake, a type of pit viper, found in South America. It lives in forests and open woodland in Brazil and nearby countries, and it hunts mostly at night. Its venom damages muscle and blood, so bites need urgent medical care.1

Anaishi
Northern Argentina, eastern Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay, in South America.1
Amerika Kusini
Nyumbani
It lives in Araucaria moist forests and the Cerrado. The species is terrestrial, so it lives on the ground.1
Urefu
2.3 m (7.5 ft)1
Kasi ya juu
takriban km 4 kwa saa (maili 2.5 kwa saa)
Nchi kavu, makadirio
Hula nini?
It preys on small mammals, birds, lizards, snakes and amphibians.1
Kweli kabisa!Picha ya Brazilian lancehead
Brazilian lancehead. Picha: (Greg Hume). CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

  • Tan, grey-brown or olive-grey body with 14–21 trapezoidal side markings that are dark grey or black.1
  • Belly is usually white or cream, with scattered dark grey spots.1
  • Broad head is flattened into a lance shape when seen from above, and is distinct from the narrow neck.1
  • Eyes have vertically elliptical (cat-like) pupils.1
  • Juveniles have a white tail.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom is haemolytic (it breaks down red blood cells) and proteolytic (it breaks down proteins). A muscle-damaging component causes necrosis, meaning the muscle tissue dies, and the venom also stops blood from clotting. Symptoms may include intense local pain, swelling and muscle death, and the venom can cause severe bleeding and strokes.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

This snake is highly venomous. Its venom can cause severe haemorrhage (serious bleeding) and strokes.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It is considered very defensive.1

Akiuma

  • Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

  • Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
  • Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
  • Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

AfrikaAsiaUlayaAmerika KaskaziniAmerika KusiniAustralia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Brazilian lancehead urefu wa takriban 2.3 m (7.5 ft)Baiskeli ya mtu mzima takriban 1.8 m (5.9 ft)Gari takriban 4.5 m (15 ft)
urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 13 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 90 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Brazilian lancehead ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

1

The venom contains a clotting-related enzyme that can trigger disseminated intravascular coagulation, a serious condition where blood clots and bleeds at the same time.1

2

Its venom contains a wide range of enzymes, including a muscle-damaging myotoxin.1

3

The venom yield of adult females averages 335 mg, while newborns average 63 mg.1

4

It is one of several pit vipers with heat-sensing pits, which help it find prey in the dark.1

5

It is nocturnal, so it is most active at night.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi
Bothrops moojeni
Kundi
Nyoka wenye vishimo
Familia
Viperidae2
Mpangilio
Squamata
Mabara
Amerika Kusini
Watoto
It gives birth to live young (viviparous). Gestation lasts around four months, it happens once a year, and a litter is usually 12–14 newborns.1
Muda wa maisha
takriban miaka 151
Hatari kwa watu
4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

  1. Bothrops moojeni (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bothrops moojeni (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
  3. Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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