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Golfodulcean poison frog

Phyllobates vittatus

Inauma tuUsiguseInauma, lakini haitakudhuru vibaya.

Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji

Sumu ndani ya ngoziHula: WaduduSumu ya kugusa au kula, hadungi sumu

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The Golfodulcean poison frog is a small, brightly marked frog that lives only in Costa Rica. Its skin contains a strong nerve poison, so it is one of the most toxic frogs in its genus, and it is a reminder that bright colours can be a warning. It lives in wet forests near streams.1

Anadunga sumu au ana sumu ya kugusa? Wanyama wanaodunga sumu huingiza sumu kwa kuuma au kudunga. Wanyama wenye sumu ya kugusa au kula hudhuru wakiguswa au kuliwa. Huyu ni wa aina ya pili.

Anaishi

Endemic to Costa Rica1

Amerika Kaskazini

Nyumbani

It lives in lowland moist and wet forests, both primary (old-growth) and secondary (regrowing), at heights of 20 to 550 metres above sea level. It is a daytime, ground-dwelling frog that stays close to streams. Eggs are laid on leaves above the ground.1

Urefu

3.5 cm (1.4 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.6 kwa saa (maili 2.2 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It feeds on insects and other small invertebrates. Captive frogs have no toxin, which suggests the frogs take up their poison from this food rather than making it themselves.1

Picha ya Golfodulcean poison frog — Golfodulcean poison frog. Picha: Celloc85. CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

The body is black, but it can look glittery because of pigments in the skin.1
Two stripes run down the back from just above the vent to the tip of the nose. They are usually fire orange, but can be golden, yellow or green.1
The legs are mottled blue, and the sides often have a blue or green marble pattern.1
It is a fairly large poison frog for its genus, with a smooth, sloping back. Its shoulder blades are usually hidden under the skin, so it can look a little plump.1
Females are typically larger than males. Adults reach about 3.5 cm long.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The related P. bicolor and P. terribilis have visible shoulder blades under the skin, which the Golfodulcean poison frog usually lacks, so it looks smoother and rounder.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Sumu ndani ya ngozi

Ngozi yake ina sumu. Ni hatari kumgusa, kumramba au kumla.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its skin contains batrachotoxin, a neurotoxic alkaloid poison, which attacks the nerves. A large enough dose causes severe pain, then tonic-clonic seizures (violent convulsions) and paralysis.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

It is highly toxic, though it is only the fourth most toxic species in the genus Phyllobates. The poison is in the skin, so the risk comes from handling the frog or getting the poison from its skin into the body.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

Its bright, multi-coloured body advertises its toxin as a warning to predators.1

Mtu akimgusa au kumla

Mtu akimgusa: nawa mikono vizuri na usiguse macho wala mdomo. Mtoto au mnyama kipenzi akimramba au kumla: piga kituo cha taarifa za sumu au namba ya dharura.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Ukimgusa au kumla: usisugue macho wala mdomo, nawa mikono na utafute msaada wa kitabibu.

Hakuwindi wewe. Sumu yake ipo tu ili asiliwe na yeyote. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

karibu urefu sawa na kibanio cha karatasiangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 100 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Golfodulcean poison frog ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Golfodulcean poison frog takriban km 3.6 kwa saa (2.2 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It is one of the few frogs whose poison is named batrachotoxin, a potent nerve toxin.1

Its climbing toe pads stick to leaves in a similar way to geckos, and it can climb out of an unsealed container.1

Male frogs carry their tadpoles on their backs, often for 1 to 2 days, to puddles, pools in palm leaves, or water-filled tree holes.1

Frogs in captivity have no toxin, which shows that their poison comes from what they eat.1

Its skin holds a large amount of poison, because it is comparatively large for a poison dart frog.1

The tadpoles become frogs after about 45 days, and the young frogs become sexually mature after ten months.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Phyllobates vittatus
Kundi: Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji
Familia: Dendrobatidae2
Mpangilio: Anura
Mabara: Amerika Kaskazini
Watoto: During the breeding season, the female lays 7 to 21 eggs per clutch on leaves, about every one or two weeks, and the male guards the eggs and carries the hatched tadpoles on his back to water.1
Hatari kwa watu: 2 / 5: Inauma3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Golfodulcean poison frog (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Phyllobates vittatus (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu una namba inayoonyesha chanzo chake. Kama tumekosea kitu, samahani, sisi ni wapenzi wa wanyama, si jarida la kisayansi. Tuambie kupitia [email protected] nasi tutarekebisha.

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