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Habu

Protobothrops flavoviridis

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.

Nyoka wenye vishimo

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The habu is a venomous pit viper that lives on the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, including Okinawa and the Amami Islands. It is the largest member of its genus, Protobothrops. Its bite is serious, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

Anaishi

Ryukyu Islands of Japan, including Okinawa and the Amami Islands1

Asia

Nyumbani

The habu lives on the larger volcanic islands, but not on the smaller coral islands. It is often found where palm forest meets cultivated fields, and also on rock walls, in old tombs and in caves. It often enters homes and other buildings in search of rats and mice.1

Urefu

1.2 m hadi 2.4 m (3.9 ft hadi 7.9 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 4.2 kwa saa (maili 2.6 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

The habu hunts rats and mice, and it often enters homes in search of them.1

Picha ya Habu — Habu. Picha: B. P. White. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Typically 120 to 150 cm long, including the tail, and slender with a large head1
Light olive or brown body with elongated dark green or brownish blotches1
Blotches have yellow edges, sometimes yellow spots, and often join to form wavy stripes1
Whitish belly with dark edges1
Crown of the head covered with small scales1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: In Okinawa Prefecture, the name habu can also refer to the Sakishima habu (Protobothrops elegans), also called the elegant pit viper. This is a different species.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The venom is highly toxic and contains cytotoxin, which damages body cells, and hemorrhagin, which damages blood vessels and causes bleeding. A bite can cause nausea, vomiting and low blood pressure, and it can possibly cause death. Some victims have lost movement in their hands and legs, even after treatment.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Amami Islands have about two snakebites per 1,000 people, which is considered very high. The fatality rate is less than 1%. Bites are not life-threatening if the victim receives medical care promptly, but 6 to 8% of victims suffer permanent disability.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

The habu is bold and irritable, and it can strike quickly from a long reach.1

Akiuma

Get medical care promptly. With prompt medical care, bites are not life-threatening.1
Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 13 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 86 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Habu ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Habu takriban km 4.2 kwa saa (2.6 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

On Okinawa, habus are heavily collected to make habushu, a liquor made from awamori sake, which is said to have medicinal properties.1

Unlike most pit vipers, the habu lays eggs rather than giving birth to live young.1

Hatchlings are about 25 cm long and look the same as the adults.1

The small Indian mongoose was introduced to Okinawa in 1910 to reduce the habu population. The effects of this have not been studied, but similar introductions have harmed native wildlife.1

The habu is the largest member of its genus, Protobothrops.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Protobothrops flavoviridis
Kundi: Nyoka wenye vishimo
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Asia
Watoto: Unlike most pit vipers, the habu lays eggs. Up to 18 eggs are laid in mid-summer, and the hatchlings are about 25 cm long and look like adults.1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Protobothrops flavoviridis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Protobothrops flavoviridis (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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