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Malayan pit viper

Calloselasma rhodostoma

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.

Nyoka wenye vishimo

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Malayan pit viper is a venomous snake of Southeast Asia. It lives in forests, farmland and plantations, where it hunts rats and mice. Its bite causes severe pain and swelling, so it is an important snake to recognise.1

Anaishi

Thailand to northern Malaysia, Java, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Nepal; unconfirmed reports from Myanmar, Sumatra and Borneo1

Asia

Nyumbani

It prefers coastal forests, bamboo thickets, unused and overgrown farmland, orchards and plantations, and the forests around plantations. People are most likely to meet it in these farming and forest edge areas.1

Urefu

91 cm (3 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.5 kwa saa (maili 2.2 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It searches for rats and mice, mainly in forests around plantations and in farmland.1

Picha ya Malayan pit viper — Malayan pit viper. Picha: Gerard Chartier. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Reddish, grey or pale brown in colour on its back.1
Two rows of large, dark brown triangular blotches with black edges run down the back.1
A broad dark brown stripe runs from the eye to the corner of the mouth.1
Smooth scales and a pointed, upturned snout.1
Adults average about 76 cm long and can reach about 91 cm.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom causes severe pain and swelling around the bite, and sometimes tissue damage (necrosis), where body tissue dies. The venom acts on platelets, the small cells that help blood clot, and can cause dangerous blood clots. Symptoms are described as developing over time after a bite.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

In northern Malaysia it is responsible for about 700 snakebite incidents a year, with a mortality rate of about 2 percent. In a 2005 study of 145 patients in Thailand, 18.6 percent were left with permanently swollen limbs, and two patients died from brain bleeding. Many victims lose limb use or have limbs amputated when there is no antivenom or early treatment.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It has a reputation for being bad-tempered and quick to strike when disturbed.1

Akiuma

Get medical treatment as early as possible, as delays are linked to lasting limb damage. Antivenin is effective in reversing the blood clotting caused by the venom. Authors advise victims not to use traditional healers and to avoid overusing tourniquets.1
Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 2 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 5 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 100 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Malayan pit viper ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Malayan pit viper takriban km 3.5 kwa saa (2.2 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

The venom of this snake is used to isolate an enzyme called ancrod, which doctors use to break down blood clots in patients.1

It is very sedentary, and has often been found in the same spot several hours after a bite involving a person.1

Bites happen throughout the year but mostly early in the monsoon season, in May and June.1

It is the only Asian pit viper with large crown scales and smooth back scales.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Calloselasma rhodostoma
Kundi: Nyoka wenye vishimo
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Asia
Watoto: It lays eggs (it is oviparous), and the female guards the eggs after laying them.1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Calloselasma (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Calloselasma rhodostoma (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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