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Hispaniolan solenodon

Solenodon paradoxus

Kuhusu jina: The genus name Solenodon means "grooved teeth", which refers to the groove in its lower incisor that carries venom.1

Inauma tuInauma, lakini haitakudhuru vibaya.

Mamalia wenye sumu

KuumwaHula: Wadudu

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The Hispaniolan solenodon is a small, furry, shrew-like mammal that lives only on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is one of the few venomous mammals in the world. It is shy and hard to see, because it is active at night and hides in burrows during the day.1

Anaishi

Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and southern Haiti), Caribbean1

Amerika Kaskazini

Nyumbani

It lives in undisturbed moist forest below 1,000 m, although it is sometimes found higher up or near farmland. It shelters by day in burrows, trees, hollow logs or caves.1

Urefu

49 cm hadi 72 cm (1.6 ft hadi 2.4 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 8 kwa saa (maili 5 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It feeds mainly on arthropods such as millipedes, ground beetles, crickets, katydids and cockroaches. It also eats worms, snails, mice and small reptiles, and a little fruit, grain and leaf litter. It probes the earth with its snout and digs or rips open rotten logs with its claws.1

Picha ya Hispaniolan solenodon — Hispaniolan solenodon. Picha: Solenodon joe. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Dusky brown fur over most of the body, with a paler underside1
Reddish fur on the sides of the head, throat and upper chest1
Hairless tail, legs, snout and eyelids1
A long snout with about a dozen long whiskers, up to 7 cm1
Runs on the soles of its feet in an erratic, zigzag course, and is active only at night1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It resembles an oversized shrew. Adults are the largest living members of the shrew-like group (Soricomorpha), so they are much bigger than ordinary shrews.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom flows from saliva through a nearly closed channel in the second lower incisor. The exact chemical make-up of the venom is not known. In laboratory tests, a dose of 0.38 to 0.55 mg of venom per gram of body mass killed mice in two to six minutes.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

Its venom is strong enough to kill mice in minutes in lab tests. The animal is shy, nocturnal and hard to find, so encounters are uncommon.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It has not evolved strong defences, as it has no natural land predators, and it is a slow, clumsy runner. When threatened, it makes a loud defensive "chirp" and an aggressive "squeal".1

Akiuma

Osha jeraha vizuri na utafute msaada wa kitabibu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na ndizi 4 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 45 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Hispaniolan solenodon ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

Hispaniolan solenodon takriban km 8 kwa saa (5 mph)

Mtoto kwenye baiskeli takriban km 12 kwa saa (7.5 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It is one of the few venomous placental mammals. Its venom is delivered through grooves in its lower incisors.1

Genetic studies estimate that solenodons split from other living mammals about 78 million years ago.1

It was first described in 1833. It was rediscovered in 1907, but was again believed extinct by 1964.1

It has a bone called the os proboscidis that extends forward from the nostril to support the snout. This bone is not found even in other solenodons.1

It has no natural land predators, so it never evolved strong defences. Owls, feral dogs and cats, and small Asian mongooses can all prey on it.1

Individuals in captivity have lived for over eleven years.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Solenodon paradoxus
Kundi: Mamalia wenye sumu
Familia: Solenodontidae2
Mpangilio: Eulipotyphla
Mabara: Amerika Kaskazini
Watoto: Litters have one to three young after a gestation of over 84 days. The young are born blind and hairless, and usually only two survive because the female has two teats.1
Muda wa maisha: takriban miaka 111
Hali yake porini: Endangered1
Hatari kwa watu: 2 / 5: Inauma3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Hispaniolan solenodon (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Solenodon paradoxus (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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