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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa European paper wasp
Nom. 0970 ya 1 402

European paper wasp

Polistes dominula
Ka ga leina: It is called the European paper wasp because of its native range in Europe and its nests, which are made from paper and saliva. The species name dominula is a noun meaning "little mistress".1
E utlwisa botlhoko felaE a utlwisa botlhoko, mme ga e kitla e go gobatsa thata.
Dinotshe, diwasepe le dihonete Go tlhabaE ja: Dikhukhwane
Kotsi go batho: E botlhokoE ka utlwisa botlhoko tota, mme go seoka thata gore e nne masisi.

The European paper wasp is a yellow and black social wasp that builds nests from chewed plant fibre mixed with saliva, which looks like grey paper. It lives in warm, temperate parts of Europe, North Africa and Asia, and it has spread to many other continents. It matters because it has become a common invasive species in North America.1

E tshela kwa
Southern Europe, North Africa and temperate Asia; introduced to New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and the Americas1
Yuropa, Asia, Aforika
Gae
It generally lives in temperate, land habitats such as chaparral, forest and grassland. It often nests on and around human buildings and structures, which give shelter and are close to food.1
Boleele
8,5 mm go ya go 1,3 cm (0,3 in go ya go 0,5 in)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 25 km/h (16 mph)
Go fofa, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
It eats many different types of insects, which is more varied than most Polistes wasps, and this gives it an advantage when food is scarce.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa European paper wasp
European paper wasp. Setshwantsho: Bill Keim. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Its body is coloured entirely yellow and black.1
  • The female's mandible (jaw) is black and sometimes has a yellow spot.1
  • The outer half of the antennae (feelers) is orange-yellow.1
  • Wings are about 8.5 to 13 mm long, with little variation between individuals.1
  • Males have curled antennae and no stinger.1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: Its yellow and black body is similar to that of Vespula germanica, one of the most common and defensive wasps in its native range. In older literature it was often confused with Polistes gallicus, which is now recognised as a separate species.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go tlhaba

Botlhole bo tswa ka lemao le le tlhabang.

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E botlhokoE ka utlwisa botlhoko tota, mme go seoka thata gore e nne masisi.

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

Its bright yellow and black colouring is a warning colour, and its nests are built in well-protected places to help it avoid predators.1

Fa e tlhaba

  • Ntsha lemao la notshe ka go le kgwaratla, mme o tsidifatse lefelo leo.
  • Fa motho a hema ka bothata, sefatlhego kgotsa mometso o ruruga, kgotsa a ikutlwa a tla idibala, ke tshoganyetso ya aletshi: leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso mme o dirise pene ya gagwe ya adrenaline fa a na le yone.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go tlhaba: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

European paper wasp e ka nna 1,3 cm ka boleele (0,5 in)Thoro ya raese e ka nna 7 mm (0,3 in)Ledi la euro e le 1 e ka nna 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
e nnye mo e ka nnang mo lenaleng la gagoe ka fofa go kgabaganya lebala lotlhe la kgwele ya dinao ka metsotswana e le 15

European paper wasp e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

Its colonies can include many unrelated wasps: about 35% of the wasps in a colony are unrelated, which is unusual for social insects.1

2

Males' abdominal spots vary in size, location and pattern, and they signal social rank within the colony.1

3

If the queen is removed from a nest, the second most dominant female takes over her role.1

4

In spring, some North American colonies have been seen with more than 80 wasps joining to reuse and expand an old nest.1

5

The first North American record was in Massachusetts in the late 1970s, and it had spread across the northeastern USA by 1995.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: The species name is sometimes spelled "dominulus", as authors wrongly assumed the name was an adjective.

Nnete: Dominula is a noun meaning "little mistress", so under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature it does not change when the species moves genus.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Polistes dominula
Setlhopha
Dinotshe, diwasepe le dihonete
Lelapa
Vespidae2
Lekoko
Hymenoptera
Dikontinente
Yuropa, Asia, Aforika
Masea
Dominant females lay the eggs, and the queen starts laying in late March or early April.1
Kotsi go batho
2 / 5: E botlhoko3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. European paper wasp (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Polistes dominula (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Tse dingwe tsa setlhopha se se tshwanang: Dinotshe, diwasepe le dihonete

Asian giant hornetDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE ka bolayaCommon waspDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE utlwisa botlhoko felaEuropean hornetDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE utlwisa botlhoko felaWestern honey beeDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE utlwisa botlhoko felaGiant honey beeDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE tlhoka ngakaAsian hornetDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE utlwisa botlhoko fela

E tshela gape kwa: Yuropa

Common European adderDivaepara le diboloboloE tlhoka ngakaSpanish flyDiphologolo tse dingwe tse di botlhole go di ama kgotsa go di jaE tlhoka ngakaO se ka wa amaFire salamanderDigwagwa tsa botlhole, digwagwa tse dingwe le dinewtE utlwisa botlhoko felaO se ka wa amaBlunt-nosed viperDivaepara le diboloboloE ka bolayaNose-horned viperDivaepara le diboloboloE ka bolayaOttoman viperDivaepara le diboloboloE ka bolaya
Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala