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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Golden lancehead
Nom. 0389 ya 1 402

Golden lancehead

Bothrops insularis
Ka ga leina: Its common name comes from the light yellowish-brown colour of its underside and from its lance-shaped head, which is typical of the genus Bothrops.1
E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go loma, batla thuso ka bonako.
Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers) Go lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The golden lancehead is an extremely venomous pit viper that lives only on one small Brazilian island, Ilha da Queimada Grande. It is one of the most venomous snakes in Latin America. Because the island is uninhabited and closed to visitors, it is very unlikely that people will ever meet one.1

E tshela kwa
Ilha da Queimada Grande (Snake Island), off the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Found nowhere else in the wild.1
Amerika Borwa
Gae
The island has forest, clearings and shrubs, and a mild climate that stays between 18 °C and just over 22 °C. The rocky terrain makes the island hard to reach, and no humans or other mammals live there. The snake hunts in trees and shelters in leaf litter or rock crevices.1
Boleele
70 cm go ya go 1,2 m (2,3 ft go ya go 3,9 ft)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)
Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
Adults mostly eat perching birds and also lizards, and may sometimes eat other golden lanceheads. After biting prey, it keeps the animal in its mouth instead of releasing it and tracking it, which is thought to suit hunting birds.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa Golden lancehead
Golden lancehead. Setshwantsho: Nayeryouakim. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Pale yellowish-brown body with a series of dorsal blotches that may be triangular or square.1
  • Belly is a uniform pale yellow or cream.1
  • Lance-shaped head that comes to a point at the nose.1
  • No well-defined stripe running behind the eye.1
  • Has a longer tail than its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: Its closest relative is B. jararaca, which lives in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. The golden lancehead can be told apart from it mainly by its longer tail.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom is adapted to the animals of the island, mainly reptiles, arthropods and migrating birds, so it works better on these than on mammals. Chemical analysis suggests it is five times as potent as the venom of B. jararaca and is the fastest-acting venom in the genus Bothrops. Its venom becomes more potent as the snake matures. Effects reported in envenomations include swelling, pain, nausea, vomiting, blood blisters, bruising, bleeding into the gut and brain, kidney failure and severe muscle damage.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

No official report of a human bite from this species has been made, because the island is uninhabited. Other lanceheads cause more human deaths than any other group of snakes in North or South America. One researcher reports four human envenomations by this species, three of which were fatal. For lanceheads in general, the mortality rate is 0.5 to 3.0% with treatment and 7.0% without it.1

Fa e loma

  • Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tshegetsa setho se se lomilweng mo boemong jwa pelo, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

Golden lancehead e ka nna 1,2 m ka boleele (3,9 ft)Ntša e ka nna 1 m (3,3 ft)Motho yo mogolo e ka nna 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 2,5 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 7 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 100 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Golden lancehead e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

Its venom is thought to be five times as potent as that of its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

2

Its venom has evolved to suit the animals of its island, which has no native mammals.1

3

Its tail is longer than that of its closest relative, which may help it climb through trees and catch larger birds from a younger age.1

4

The island's population was estimated at between 2,414 and 2,899 snakes in 2021.1

5

Travel to the island is strictly prohibited by the Brazilian government.1

6

It is found only on Ilha da Queimada Grande, an island of about 43 hectares, and nowhere else in the wild.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Bothrops insularis
Setlhopha
Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)
Lelapa
Viperidae2
Lekoko
Squamata
Dikontinente
Amerika Borwa
Masea
Like most vipers, it gives birth to live young. The average number of young per pregnancy is 6.5.1
Seemo sa yone kwa nageng
Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List)1
Kotsi go batho
4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Golden lancehead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bothrops insularis (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Tse dingwe tsa setlhopha se se tshwanang: Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)

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E tshela gape kwa: Amerika Borwa

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Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala