Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)

Nom. 0388 ya 1 402

Jararacussu

Bothrops jararacussu

E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go loma, batla thuso ka bonako.

Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)

Go lomaE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The jararacussu is a large, highly venomous pit viper that lives in South America. It can grow up to 2.2 metres long and is one of the most feared snakes on the continent. Its bite can cause serious harm, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

E tshela kwa

Coastal Brazil (Bahia to Santa Catarina), Paraguay, south-eastern Bolivia and north-eastern Argentina (Misiones Province)1

Amerika Borwa

Gae

It lives in the Atlantic forest and semi-deciduous forest. It is also found in perennial forests, pine forests in Paraná in low swampy regions, and along river banks.1

Boleele

2,2 m (7,2 ft)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 4,2 km/h (2,6 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It usually feeds on amphibians and rodents.1

Setshwantsho sa Jararacussu — Jararacussu. Setshwantsho: Henrique Nogueira. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

A fairly large snake with a robust body and head.1
Body and head colour varies widely. The background can be brown, yellow or almost black.1
A pattern of dark arches, and dark spots on the back that look like the letter X.1
Medium-sized eyes with vertical, elliptical pupils.1
Strongly keeled scales.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

The venom contains cytotoxins, haemotoxins and myotoxins. Cytotoxins damage cells, haemotoxins affect the blood, and myotoxins damage muscle. Severe bites can cause necrosis (death of tissue), shock, spontaneous bleeding inside the body, and kidney failure. Many patients also develop coagulopathy, a condition where the blood cannot clot properly.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The venom is potent enough to kill sixteen people. In one study of 29 bites in São Paulo state, Brazil, three patients aged 3, 11 and 65 died from respiratory and circulatory failure, even with large doses of antivenom in intensive care. Six patients had necrosis, and one of them lost a limb to amputation. Bites from snakes over 50 cm long caused the most severe effects.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

It is described as very aggressive in behaviour.1

Fa e loma

Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tshegetsa setho se se lomilweng mo boemong jwa pelo, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 4 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 12 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 86 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Jararacussu e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Khudu e ka nna 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Jararacussu e ka nna 4,2 km/h (2,6 mph)

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

Its venom yield is 1000 mg, which is enough to kill 10,163 rats in laboratory measures.1

Its fangs are about 2.5 cm long, and it can inject a large amount of venom.1

It warms up in the morning sun, then goes out to hunt at night.1

It is ovoviviparous and gives birth to between 16 and 20 young in the rainy season.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Bothrops jararacussu
Setlhopha: Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)
Lelapa: Viperidae2
Lekoko: Squamata
Dikontinente: Amerika Borwa
Masea: It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother and she gives birth to live young. A litter has between 16 and 20 young, born in the rainy season.1
Kotsi go batho: 4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Bothrops jararacussu (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops jararacussu (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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