Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)

Nom. 0428 ya 1 402

South American bushmaster

Lachesis muta

Ka ga leina: Its scientific name comes from Lachesis, one of the three Fates in Greek mythology, and muta, Latin for "dumb" or "mute", because it has no rattle.1

E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go loma, batla thuso ka bonako.

Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)

Go lomaE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The South American bushmaster is one of the longest vipers in the world, and it is the longest venomous snake in the Western Hemisphere. It lives in the equatorial forests east of the Andes and on the island of Trinidad. Its bite is dangerous, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

E tshela kwa

South America, in equatorial forests east of the Andes, and the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean1

Amerika Borwa

Gae

It lives in primary and secondary forests and in nearby fields and cleared areas. In Trinidad it tends to prefer hilly and mountainous regions. In Ilhéus, Brazil, a child was bitten after stepping on one on the way out of a house.1

Boleele

2 m go ya go 3,6 m (6,6 ft go ya go 12 ft)1

Bokima

3 kg go ya go 5 kg (6,6 lb go ya go 11 lb)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 5,1 km/h (3,2 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It eats mainly rats and mice. Birds and reptiles are sometimes eaten. Spiny rats are favoured prey in Costa Rica, and rice rats and agoutis are other favourites. It also eats porcupines, squirrels, opossums, squirrel monkeys and frogs.1

Setshwantsho sa South American bushmaster — South American bushmaster. Setshwantsho: Christopher Murray. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

Its ground colour is yellowish, reddish or grey-brown.1
Dark brown or black blotches run along the body, forming inverted triangles on the sides.1
Adults are usually 2 to 2.5 m long, and 3 m is not unusual.1
The head is broad and clearly separate from the narrow neck.1
The tail is short and ends in a spine. When alarmed it vibrates the tail, which makes a loud rustling in undergrowth.1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: It is similar in appearance to rattlesnakes. It has no rattle, so its tail vibration sounds like rustling leaves rather than a rattle.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom breaks down tissue, stops blood from clotting, and can cause bleeding. It also has effects on the nerves. At the bite there is pain, swelling, bruising, blisters and skin death. Whole-body effects include low blood pressure, dizziness, vision problems, a slow heartbeat, vomiting, diarrhoea and kidney failure.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

Its bites are often fatal. Lab tests show its venom is weak, but the mortality rate of bite victims is high. In reported cases, a 7-year-old boy in Brazil died about 15 minutes after being bitten, and a 5-year-old child in Mato Grosso went into shock about 30 minutes after a bite and died within 90 minutes.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When threatened it vibrates its tail, which makes a loud rustling sound in the undergrowth.1

Fa e loma

Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tshegetsa setho se se lomilweng mo boemong jwa pelo, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

E kima go le kae?

bokima jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 1

boleele jo bo lekanang le dintša di le 4 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 20 di latelanae ka nna bokima jo bo lekanang le jwa katse ya ntloe ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 71 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

South American bushmaster e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

South American bushmaster e ka nna 5,1 km/h (3,2 mph)

Ngwana mo baesekeleng e ka nna 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

It is the longest viper in the world.1

It is the third longest venomous snake in the world, after the king cobra and the black mamba.1

Stress also lowers its venom yield. One specimen's yield fell from 233 mg to 64 mg while it was kept in captivity.1

Its name Lachesis comes from one of the three Fates of Greek mythology, who was said to decide how long a person would live.1

It rarely lives long in captivity, because stress makes it unwell.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Its venom is weak, so its bite is not very serious.

Nnete: Lab tests show low toxicity, but bite victims die at a high rate, so the bite is very dangerous.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Lachesis muta
Setlhopha: Divaepara tsa mesima (pit vipers)
Lelapa: Viperidae2
Lekoko: Squamata
Dikontinente: Amerika Borwa
Kotsi go batho: 4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Lachesis muta (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Lachesis muta (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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