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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Pygmy copperhead
Nom. 0183 ya 1 402

Pygmy copperhead

Austrelaps labialis
Ka ga leina: "Copperhead" refers to the colour of the scales on its back and around its snout and eyes, and "pygmy" refers to its smaller size compared with its relatives.1
E tlhoka ngakaGa e bolaye gantsi, mme go lomiwa ke yone go tlhoka ngaka.
Dinoga tsa Australia Go lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi go batho: E masisiGo lomiwa ke yone go tlhoka ngaka. Go swa go seoka thata.

The pygmy copperhead is a small, venomous snake found only in South Australia, mainly on Kangaroo Island and in the Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. It is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. Its venom is dangerous, so prompt medical treatment matters.1

E tshela kwa
Endemic to South Australia: Kangaroo Island, Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. Sightings on islands between mainland Australia and Tasmania.1
Australia le Oceania
Gae
It lives in moist areas near streams, in swamps, marshland, and open sclerophyll woodland and forest, where average yearly rainfall is 600–800 mm. Sightings have also been made in the Adelaide Hills, and on islands near Tasmania, probably after accidentally stowing away on boats.1
Boleele
60 cm go ya go 1,2 m (2 ft go ya go 3,9 ft)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 6,4 km/h (4 mph)
Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
It eats smaller animals, most often small lizards, frogs and tadpoles. It feeds more often than the highland and lowland copperheads. Cannibalism has also been reported.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa Pygmy copperhead
Pygmy copperhead. Setshwantsho: unknown. CC0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Dorsal scales are brown to grey, with a darker stripe along the spine.1
  • The belly is cream to light grey, with red along the edges that fades to a brown-grey underside.1
  • The lip scales are barred with dark colour.1
  • Adults average about 80 cm long, with males usually larger than females.1
  • Newborns often have paler backsides than adults.1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: The highland and lowland copperheads are larger, and the pygmy copperhead is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. It is not closely related to the American copperhead, Agkistrodon contortrix.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

The venom is strongly neurotoxic, which means it attacks the nerves, and its toxicity is similar to that of the Indian cobra. It is weakly coagulant and strongly anticoagulant, meaning it can both disrupt blood clotting and destroy blood and muscle. Without prompt treatment, a bite can cause possibly irreversible damage to nerve endings.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E masisiGo lomiwa ke yone go tlhoka ngaka. Go swa go seoka thata.

Bites are considered possibly lethal. The snake is not known for being aggressive and is unlikely to attack unless it is stepped on or purposely provoked.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

It is generally unobtrusive and usually hides under leaf litter, old iron and haystacks.1

Fa e loma

  • Prompt antivenom treatment is essential, because bites are considered lethal without it. Antivenom developed from tiger snake venom cannot completely neutralise the neurotoxicity of pygmy copperhead venom.1
  • Go gatelela le go sa tshikinyege (pressure immobilisation): bofa bandeiji e e gogegang e e tiileng mo godimo ga fa go lomilweng mme o tswelele o bofe setho sotlhe go ya kwa godimo, se tshegetse ka sepilinti (splint), mme o dire gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege gotlhelele go fitlha thuso e goroga.
  • O se ka wa tlhatswa fa go lomilweng: dibookelo di ka tlhatlhoba botlhole jo bo setseng mo letlalong go tlhopha antivenom e e siameng.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

Pygmy copperhead e ka nna 1,2 m ka boleele (3,9 ft)Ntša e ka nna 1 m (3,3 ft)Motho yo mogolo e ka nna 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 2,5 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 7 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 56 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Pygmy copperhead e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

Sightings on islands near Tasmania are probably the result of snakes stowing away on boats.1

2

It is the only snake endemic to South Australia.1

3

It is the smallest of the Australian copperhead snakes.1

4

Its litter size is about half that of the other Australian copperheads, which is linked to its smaller body size.1

5

In field research, only about two thirds of surveyed adult females were reproductive, which suggests females do not breed every year.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Because it is small and not aggressive, the pygmy copperhead is harmless.

Nnete: Its venom is strongly neurotoxic, and its bite is considered possibly lethal without prompt antivenom treatment.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Austrelaps labialis
Setlhopha
Dinoga tsa Australia
Lelapa
Elapidae2
Lekoko
Squamata
Dikontinente
Australia le Oceania
Masea
It gives birth to live young, commonly seven per litter, with an average maximum of 20 in a single litter.1
Kotsi go batho
3 / 5: E masisi3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Pygmy copperhead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Austrelaps labialis (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Tse dingwe tsa setlhopha se se tshwanang: Dinoga tsa Australia

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E tshela gape kwa: Australia le Oceania

Sydney funnel-web spiderDitarantula le di-funnel-webE a bolayaRedback spiderDigokgoE tlhoka ngakaBrown tree snakeDinoga tse di nang le meno a botlhole kwa moragoE utlwisa botlhoko felaHooded pitohuiDiphologolo tse dingwe tse di botlhole go di ama kgotsa go di jaE utlwisa botlhoko felaO se ka wa amaPlatypusDiphologolo tse di anyisang tse di tsenyang botlholeE utlwisa botlhoko felaNorthern tree-dwelling funnel-web spiderDitarantula le di-funnel-webE a bolaya
Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala