Venom Wiki / Gbogbo ẹ̀dá / Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé mìíràn

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Blue-capped ifrit

Ifrita kowaldi

AláìléwuKò léwu fún ènìyàn. Kò sí ohun tó yẹ kí ó dààmú ọ.

Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé mìíràn

Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀Oúnjẹ rẹ̀: KòkòròOnímájèlé, kì í ṣe olóró

Ewu fún ènìyàn: Fúyẹ́Bí ìtani oyin tàbí kò tó bẹ́ẹ̀. Kò fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ léwu fún ènìyàn.

The blue-capped ifrit is a small forest bird with a bright blue cap on its head. It lives only in the high, wet forests of New Guinea. It matters because its feathers and skin carry a strong poison that the bird picks up from its food.1

Onímájèlé tàbí olóró? Àwọn ẹranko olóró máa ń fi oró sínú ara nípa ìbùjẹ tàbí ìtani. Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn tàbí láti jẹ. Onímájèlé ni èyí.

Ó ń gbé ní

Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea, found nowhere else on Earth1

Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà

Ilé

It mainly lives in subtropical and tropical moist montane forests, usually at 1,500 metres or higher, and it depends on the forest ecosystem. It forages in small groups in these high-altitude forests.1

Gígùn

16 cm sí 17 cm (6.3 in sí 6.7 in)1

Ìwúwo

34 g sí 36 g (1.2 oz sí 1.3 oz)1

Ìyára gíga jùlọ

nǹkan bí 40 km/h (25 mph)

Ó ń fò, àfojúbù

Kí ni ó máa ń jẹ?

It eats mainly insects and worms. It forages carefully through moss, branches and tree trunks, and sometimes eats soft fruits.1

Fọ́tò Blue-capped ifrit — Blue-capped ifrit. Fọ́tò: Jay Pruett. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Bí o ṣe lè dá a mọ̀

Brown upperparts with finely dotted wing edges, and light-yellow underparts1
A bright blue cap outlined in black, with a small black spot on the crown1
A long white stripe beside the eye, with a thin black line inside it, and a narrow white ring around the eye1
A stout body with a broad chest, short rounded wings and feathered legs1
Males have whiter ear streaks and more vivid head and neck colours than females1

Agbára májèlé

Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀

Awọ rẹ̀ ní májèlé. Ó léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn án, lá a tàbí jẹ ẹ́.

Kí ni májèlé rẹ̀ máa ń ṣe?

This bird is poisonous rather than venomous, because it does not bite or sting. Its feathers and skin contain batrachotoxin (BTX), a neurotoxin, which is a poison that attacks the nerves. BTX holds open the sodium channels in muscle and nerve cells, which can cause muscle paralysis and potentially death. It is thought to be deadlier than cyanide, and in people it causes sneezing, irritation and allergic reactions when they handle the bird.1

Báwo ló ṣe léwu tó fún ènìyàn?

Ewu fún ènìyàn: Fúyẹ́Bí ìtani oyin tàbí kò tó bẹ́ẹ̀. Kò fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ léwu fún ènìyàn.

Handling the bird can cause sneezing, irritation and allergic reactions in people. The toxin is thought to be deadlier than cyanide, but the bird is not aggressive.1

Kí ni ó máa ń ṣe nígbà tí ẹ̀rù bá bà á?

Its toxic feathers and skin protect it against predators and parasites.1

Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́

Bí ẹnìkan bá jẹ ẹ́ tàbí tí ó ní àmì àìsàn lẹ́yìn tí ó jẹ ẹ́: pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ tàbí ibùdó ìmọ̀ràn májèlé lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀.

Máa kọ́kọ́ pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ nígbà gbogbo (112, 000, 911). Èyí jẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́ gbogbogbò, kì í ṣe ìmọ̀ràn ìṣègùn. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́

Wà láìléwu

Má ṣe fọwọ́ kan, mú tàbí yọ ẹranko igbó lẹ́nu láéláé, kódà bí ó bá kéré, kódà bí ó bá dà bí ẹni pé ó ń sùn tàbí ó ti kú.
Fún un ní àyè. Bí o bá pàdé ọ̀kan, farabalẹ̀, sẹ́yìn díẹ̀díẹ̀ kí o sì jẹ́ kí ó máa bá ọ̀nà rẹ̀ lọ.
Bí o bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́: má ṣe fọwọ́ pa ojú tàbí ẹnu rẹ, fọ ọwọ́ rẹ kí o sì wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìṣègùn.

Kò wá ọ kiri láti ṣe ọ́ léṣe. Májèlé rẹ̀ wà níbẹ̀ kìkì kí ohunkóhun má baà jẹ ẹ́. Sí i nípa wíwà láìléwu

Níbo ní ayé?

Áfíríkà Éṣíà Yúróòpù Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà Gúúsù Amẹ́ríkà Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà

Báwo ló ṣe tóbi tó?

Báwo ló ṣe gùn tó?

Báwo ló ṣe wúwo tó?

ó wúwo tó pínì ìwé 36

ó gùn tó bíríkì ìṣeré 5 tí a tò sí ìlà kanlè fò kọjá gbogbo pápá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 9.5

Báwo ni Blue-capped ifrit ṣe tóbi tó tí a bá fi wé ÌWỌ?

Ìṣirò nìkan nínú bráwúsà rẹ. A kò fi ohunkóhun pamọ́, a kò sì fi ránṣẹ́ sí ibikíbi.

Báwo ló ṣe yára tó?

Ènìyàn tó ń sáré gidigidi nǹkan bí 37 km/h (23 mph)

Blue-capped ifrit nǹkan bí 40 km/h (25 mph)

Ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ nínú ìlú nǹkan bí 50 km/h (31 mph)

ó yẹ ní mímọ̀

Òtítọ́

It is one of the few birds known to store batrachotoxin, a poison that is thought to be deadlier than cyanide, in its feathers and skin.1

It is resistant to its own poison because of a gene mutation that changes the shape of its sodium channel. Similar mutations are found in poison dart frogs.1

It does not make its own poison. It gets the toxin from Choresine beetles it eats, and possibly from soil mites or certain plants.1

Its toxin-covered feathers may rub off onto its egg or nest, which may protect them from predators.1

The species is an ancient one that dates back to the Oligocene epoch, when New Guinea was a series of islands.1

It is the only living member of its family, Ifritidae, so the family has just one species.1

Olùfọ́ àròsọ

Àròsọ: The bird makes its own poison.

Òtítọ́: The toxin is thought to come from its diet, mainly Choresine beetles.1

Fún àwọn amòye oró

Orúkọ sáyẹ́ǹsì: Ifrita kowaldi
Ẹgbẹ́: Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé mìíràn
Ìdílé: Ifritidae2
Ètò: Passeriformes
Àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ńtì: Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà
Àwọn ọmọ: Nesting runs from August to November. Each clutch usually holds a single white egg with black and purple spots, laid in a nest of moss and fern about 2 to 3 metres above the ground.1
Bí ó ṣe ń ṣe nínú igbó: Least concern1
Ewu fún ènìyàn: 1 / 5: Fúyẹ́3

Ibi tí àwọn òtítọ́ ti wá

Blue-capped ifrit (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Ifrita kowaldi (iNaturalist): orúkọ àti ìpínsísọ̀rí.
Venom Wiki: ìpele ewu, ìtóbi déédé àti àfojúbù ìyára jẹ́ tiwa. Wo bí a ṣe ń ṣírò wọn: Bí a ṣe ń díwọ̀n ewu.

Gbogbo òtítọ́ ojú-ìwé yìí ní nọ́ńbà tó tọ́ka sí orísun rẹ̀. Bí a bá ṣe àṣìṣe, má bínú, olólùfẹ́ ẹranko ni wá, kì í ṣe ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Sọ fún wa ní [email protected] a ó sì tún un ṣe.

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