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Sydney funnel-web spider

Atrax robustus

Nípa orúkọ náà: The species name robustus comes from the Latin word for strong, sturdy or mature.1

ApaniỌ̀kan lára àwọn ẹranko apani jùlọ ní ayé. Bí ó bá bù ọ́ jẹ, pe fún ìrànlọ́wọ́ lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀.Ó ń pani láàrin ìṣẹ́jú díẹ̀. Ìrànlọ́wọ́ gbọ́dọ̀ ti wà lójú ọ̀nà.

Tarantula àti funnel-web

ÌbùjẹOúnjẹ rẹ̀: Ẹran

Ewu fún ènìyàn: ApaniỌ̀kan lára àwọn ẹranko tó léwu jùlọ ní ayé.

The Sydney funnel-web spider is a venomous spider from eastern Australia. It is found mostly within about 100 km of Sydney. Its bite can cause serious illness or death if it is not treated, so it is one of the most important spiders to know about in the region.1

Ó ń gbé ní

Eastern Australia, mostly within a 100 km radius of Sydney, New South Wales1

Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà

Ilé

It lives in moist places, such as under logs, rocks and foliage, and in moist sand and clay. Males often wander into backyards and houses, and can fall into swimming pools.1

Gígùn

5 cm (2 in)1

Ìyára gíga jùlọ

nǹkan bí 1.4 km/h (0.87 mph)

Lórí ilẹ̀, àfojúbù

Kí ni ó máa ń jẹ?

It eats insects such as beetles and cockroaches, land snails, millipedes, lizards and frogs. It waits in a silk-lined burrow and rushes out when prey walks across the trip-lines around the entrance, then injects venom to subdue it.1

Fọ́tò Sydney funnel-web spider — Sydney funnel-web spider. Fọ́tò: Sputniktilt. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Bí o ṣe lè dá a mọ̀

Body length is 1 to 5 cm.1
Both sexes are glossy and darkly coloured, from blue-black or black to brown or dark plum.1
The top of the body is almost hairless and looks smooth and shiny.1
It has finger-like spinnerets at the end of the abdomen.1
Males are smaller than females but have longer legs.1

Agbára oró

Ìbùjẹ

Oró ń jáde láti inú eyín oró tàbí eyín rẹ̀ nígbà tí ó bá bùjẹ.

Kí ni oró rẹ̀ máa ń ṣe?

The venom contains delta-atracotoxin, which affects the ion channels of nerves and makes it highly toxic to humans and other primates. Symptoms can include intense nausea, vomiting, excessive saliva, muscle twitching, breathing difficulty, confusion and unconsciousness. In severe cases, symptoms begin in under one hour, with a median time of 28 minutes in one study.1

Báwo ló ṣe léwu tó fún ènìyàn?

Ewu fún ènìyàn: ApaniỌ̀kan lára àwọn ẹranko tó léwu jùlọ ní ayé.

A bite can cause serious illness or death if untreated. Children are at particular risk: in one study, 42% of severe cases were children. There is at least one recorded case of a small child dying within 15 minutes of a bite. Only the Sydney funnel-web and the northern tree-dwelling funnel-web have been known to cause fatal bites in humans. There have been no recorded deaths since antivenom became available in 1981.1

Ìròyìn ayọ̀: àwọn dókítà ní oògùn (antivenom) tàbí ìtọ́jú fún èyí.1

Kí ni ó máa ń ṣe nígbà tí ẹ̀rù bá bà á?

When threatened or provoked, it rears up on its hind legs, shows its fangs and may bite repeatedly while holding on tightly.1

Bí ó bá bùjẹ

A Sydney funnel-web bite is a medical emergency that needs immediate hospital treatment. Guidelines recommend two vials of antivenom, or four if symptoms are severe, with patients assessed every 15 minutes and more vials given if symptoms do not resolve.1
Fọ ibi ìbùjẹ náà kí o sì tù ú. Wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìṣègùn bí ìrora bá le tàbí tí ara ẹni náà kò bá yá.
Ní Ọsirélíà, ka ìbùjẹ alántakùn dúdú ńlá èyíkéyìí sí ìbùjẹ funnel-web: Dídì pẹ̀lú ìfúnpá láìmira (pressure immobilisation): fi bándéèjì rọ́bà (elastic) tó le wé ibi ìbùjẹ náà, lẹ́yìn náà wé e sókè títí bo gbogbo apá tàbí ẹsẹ̀ náà, fi igi ìdábùú (splint) dì í, kí o sì jẹ́ kí ẹni náà wà láìmira rárá títí ìrànlọ́wọ́ yóò fi dé.

Máa kọ́kọ́ pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ nígbà gbogbo (112, 000, 911). Èyí jẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́ gbogbogbò, kì í ṣe ìmọ̀ràn ìṣègùn. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́

Wà láìléwu

Má ṣe fọwọ́ kan, mú tàbí yọ ẹranko igbó lẹ́nu láéláé, kódà bí ó bá kéré, kódà bí ó bá dà bí ẹni pé ó ń sùn tàbí ó ti kú.
Fún un ní àyè. Bí o bá pàdé ọ̀kan, farabalẹ̀, sẹ́yìn díẹ̀díẹ̀ kí o sì jẹ́ kí ó máa bá ọ̀nà rẹ̀ lọ.
Bí ọ̀kan bá bù ọ́ jẹ: farabalẹ̀, má ṣe mira, pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ (112, 000, 911) tàbí lọ sí ilé ìwòsàn kíákíá. Rántí bí ó ṣe rí, fọ́tò máa ń ṣèrànwọ́.

Kò wá ọ kiri láti ṣe ọ́ léṣe. Ó ń lo oró rẹ̀ láti mú oúnjẹ tàbí láti dáàbò bo ara rẹ̀, ó sì fẹ́ràn láti farapamọ́ jù. Sí i nípa wíwà láìléwu

Níbo ní ayé?

Áfíríkà Éṣíà Yúróòpù Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà Gúúsù Amẹ́ríkà Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà

Báwo ló ṣe tóbi tó?

Báwo ló ṣe gùn tó?

ó kúrú ju ọmọdínrín ìka rẹ lọlè sáré mítà 100 ní ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 260 (ènìyàn tó yára jùlọ nílò 9.6)

Báwo ni Sydney funnel-web spider ṣe tóbi tó tí a bá fi wé ÌWỌ?

Ìṣirò nìkan nínú bráwúsà rẹ. A kò fi ohunkóhun pamọ́, a kò sì fi ránṣẹ́ sí ibikíbi.

Báwo ló ṣe yára tó?

Ìjàpá kan nǹkan bí 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Sydney funnel-web spider nǹkan bí 1.4 km/h (0.87 mph)

Ènìyàn tó ń rìn nǹkan bí 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

ó yẹ ní mímọ̀

Òtítọ́

Males can survive submersion in water for up to twenty-four hours by trapping air bubbles on the hairs of their abdomen.1

One dose of antivenom needs around 70 milkings from a Sydney funnel-web spider.1

The most antivenom vials used to treat one bite is twelve, for a 10-year-old boy bitten in February 2017 by a male hiding in a shoe.1

Female spiders are long-lived and spend most of their time in their burrows. No severe envenoming by a female has been reported.1

Activity increases after heavy rain, because burrows can become flooded.1

Olùfọ́ àròsọ

Àròsọ: The male and female funnel-web spiders were thought to be different species.

Òtítọ́: In 1927, Anthony Musgrave showed from anatomical similarities that the male Euctimena tibialis was the male of Atrax robustus, the same species as the female.1

Fún àwọn amòye oró

Orúkọ sáyẹ́ǹsì: Atrax robustus
Ẹgbẹ́: Tarantula àti funnel-web
Ìdílé: Atracidae2
Ètò: Araneae
Àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ńtì: Ọsirélíà àti Òṣéáníà
Ewu fún ènìyàn: 5 / 5: Apani3

Ibi tí àwọn òtítọ́ ti wá

Sydney funnel-web spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Atrax robustus (iNaturalist): orúkọ àti ìpínsísọ̀rí.
Venom Wiki: ìpele ewu, ìtóbi déédé àti àfojúbù ìyára jẹ́ tiwa. Wo bí a ṣe ń ṣírò wọn: Bí a ṣe ń díwọ̀n ewu.

Gbogbo òtítọ́ ojú-ìwé yìí ní nọ́ńbà tó tọ́ka sí orísun rẹ̀. Bí a bá ṣe àṣìṣe, má bínú, olólùfẹ́ ẹranko ni wá, kì í ṣe ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Sọ fún wa ní [email protected] a ó sì tún un ṣe.

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