Colorado River toad
The Colorado River toad is a large toad of the deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is famous for the toxic, mind-altering secretions it releases from glands in its skin when threatened. These secretions can be deadly if swallowed, so it should be left alone.1

Bí o ṣe lè dá a mọ̀
Agbára májèlé
Awọ rẹ̀ ní májèlé. Ó léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn án, lá a tàbí jẹ ẹ́.
Kí ni májèlé rẹ̀ máa ń ṣe?
The toad releases poison from glands in its skin, including the large parotoid glands behind the eyes. The poison contains psychoactive compounds, including 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin, which affect the brain. It also contains digoxin-like cardiac glycosides, which act on the heart, and ingesting the poison can be fatal. In one reported case, a young woman who drank a tea made from toad preparation began vomiting and had difficulty breathing soon after, and died about two and a half hours later.1
Báwo ló ṣe léwu tó fún ènìyàn?
Ewu fún ènìyàn: Ó le gan-anBí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́, lọ rí dókítà. Ikú kò wọ́pọ̀ rárá.The poison is potent enough to kill a grown dog, and dogs that attack toads have been paralysed or killed. Several cases of human poisoning from swallowing toad secretions or eggs have been reported, and at least one death from the ch'an su preparation has been recorded. The toad has also been linked to poisoning and at least one death from the use of related toad preparations as street drugs.1
Kí ni ó máa ń ṣe nígbà tí ẹ̀rù bá bà á?
When threatened, it releases toxins from glands in its skin.1
Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́
- Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kan ọ̀kan: fọ ọwọ́ dáadáa, má sì fọwọ́ kan ojú tàbí ẹnu. Bí ọmọdé tàbí ẹran ọ̀sìn bá lá ọ̀kan tàbí jẹ ẹ́: pe ibùdó ìmọ̀ràn májèlé tàbí nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì.
Máa kọ́kọ́ pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ nígbà gbogbo (112, 000, 911). Èyí jẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́ gbogbogbò, kì í ṣe ìmọ̀ràn ìṣègùn. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́
Wà láìléwu
- Má ṣe fọwọ́ kan, mú tàbí yọ ẹranko igbó lẹ́nu láéláé, kódà bí ó bá kéré, kódà bí ó bá dà bí ẹni pé ó ń sùn tàbí ó ti kú.
- Fún un ní àyè. Bí o bá pàdé ọ̀kan, farabalẹ̀, sẹ́yìn díẹ̀díẹ̀ kí o sì jẹ́ kí ó máa bá ọ̀nà rẹ̀ lọ.
- Bí o bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́: má ṣe fọwọ́ pa ojú tàbí ẹnu rẹ, fọ ọwọ́ rẹ kí o sì wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìṣègùn.
Kò wá ọ kiri láti ṣe ọ́ léṣe. Májèlé rẹ̀ wà níbẹ̀ kìkì kí ohunkóhun má baà jẹ ẹ́. Sí i nípa wíwà láìléwu
Báwo ló ṣe tóbi tó?
Báwo ló ṣe gùn tó?
ó gùn tó bíríkì ìṣeré 6 tí a tò sí ìlà kan
lè sáré mítà 100 ní ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 180 (ènìyàn tó yára jùlọ nílò 9.6)Báwo ni Colorado River toad ṣe tóbi tó tí a bá fi wé ÌWỌ?
Ìṣirò nìkan nínú bráwúsà rẹ. A kò fi ohunkóhun pamọ́, a kò sì fi ránṣẹ́ sí ibikíbi.
Báwo ló ṣe yára tó?
Òtítọ́
It is the only toad species in which bufotenin is present in large enough amounts to have a psychoactive effect.1
Raccoons have learned to pull a toad away from water by its back leg, turn it over and feed on its belly, which keeps them away from the poison glands.1
Unlike most vertebrates, it gets most of its water by absorbing it across its belly through a special area of skin called the seat patch.1
A female can lay up to 8,000 eggs.1
It is the largest toad in the United States, apart from the non-native cane toad.1
Olùfọ́ àròsọ
Àròsọ: Licking or smoking the toad's secretions is a safe way to get high or to treat illness.
Òtítọ́: Swallowing the secretions has caused poisonings and deaths. Claims about its therapeutic use are unverified, and the US National Park Service has warned people not to handle or lick the toad.1
Fún àwọn amòye oró
- Orúkọ sáyẹ́ǹsì
- Incilius alvarius
- Ẹgbẹ́
- Àkèré onímájèlé, ọ̀pọ̀lọ́ àti newt
- Ìdílé
- Bufonidae2
- Ètò
- Anura
- Àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ńtì
- Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà
- Àwọn ọmọ
- Females lay eggs in ponds, slow-moving streams, temporary pools or man-made structures that hold water, and can lay up to 8,000 eggs in a long tube of jelly.1
- Bí ó ṣe ń ṣe nínú igbó
- Listed as threatened in New Mexico and California. A June 2025 study found that persistent trapping in Mexico has decimated several populations and put the species at risk of extinction.1
- Ewu fún ènìyàn
- 3 / 5: Ó le gan-an3
Ibi tí àwọn òtítọ́ ti wá
- Colorado River toad (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Incilius alvarius (iNaturalist): orúkọ àti ìpínsísọ̀rí.
- Venom Wiki: ìpele ewu, ìtóbi déédé àti àfojúbù ìyára jẹ́ tiwa. Wo bí a ṣe ń ṣírò wọn: Bí a ṣe ń díwọ̀n ewu.
Gbogbo òtítọ́ ojú-ìwé yìí ní nọ́ńbà tó tọ́ka sí orísun rẹ̀. Bí a bá ṣe àṣìṣe, má bínú, olólùfẹ́ ẹranko ni wá, kì í ṣe ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Sọ fún wa ní [email protected] a ó sì tún un ṣe.
Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀
