第 1273 號，共 1 402 號

Blue-black urchin

Echinothrix diadema

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

有毒液的棘刺吃：植物

The blue-black urchin is a spiny sea animal that lives on tropical coral reefs. It is black or blue-black, with long spines that show a blue shine in the light. It grazes on algae during the night and hides in cracks and under rocks by day.1

分布在

Throughout the Indo-Pacific coral reefs, from the Red Sea to Hawaii1

印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 珊瑚海, 菲律賓海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉灣

首頁

It lives in shallow water, from the surface down to about 10 m, and can be found as deep as 70 m. By day it hides in crevices, burrows and under rocks.1

長度

10 cm 到 20 cm (3,9 in 到 7,9 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,02 km/h（0,01 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It grazes on algae and seagrass, and in Fiji its grazing choices matched its favourite algae, Codium geppiorum. Its grazing adds to the wearing down of coral reef structures by echinoids (sea urchins).1

Blue-black urchin 的照片 — Blue-black urchin。照片：Cricket Raspet。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

It is black or blue-black and always dark in colour.1
Its spines show a blue sheen in the light.1
Its spines are long and closed at the tip.1
Its anal sac is small and dark, and it is hardly visible.1
Its typical diameter, including the spines, is 10 to 20 cm.1

常被誤認為： Echinothrix calamaris has banded spines, except in juveniles, and dark forms show a greenish tinge rather than blue. Diadema setosum has longer spines, a smaller test (the body shell) and an orange ring around its anal sac.1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內，並就醫請醫生取出棘刺。不要自己挖出來。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋紅海珊瑚海菲律賓海帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海孟加拉灣

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 6 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長比花園蝸牛還慢

Blue-black urchin 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻海馬 大約 0,0015 km/h (0 mph)

Blue-black urchin 大約 0,02 km/h (0,01 mph)

一隻花園蝸牛 大約 0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The shrimp Stegopontonia commensalis lives on it, and the shrimp Saron marmoratus stays close to it for protection.1

Fish of the families Apogonidae (cardinalfish) and Centriscidae (razorfish and relatives) also stay close to it for protection.1

Its grazing contributes to bioerosion, the slow wearing down of reef structures.1

It is active at night and hides in crevices, burrows and under rocks during the day.1

給毒液專家

學名: Echinothrix diadema
類群: 海膽、海星和蟲
家人: Diadematidae2
排序: Diadematoida
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 珊瑚海, 菲律賓海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉灣, 海洋
寶寶: Females generally choose low-lying spots, which give their tiny larvae better protection from predators.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3