第 0732 號，共 1 402 號

Common house spider

Parasteatoda tepidariorum

名字的由來： The scientific name Parasteatoda tepidariorum places it in the genus Parasteatoda. The common name refers to its habit of living in houses.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

蜘蛛

咬吃：昆蟲

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The common house spider is a small spider that lives in and around human homes. It spins messy three-dimensional webs in dark corners and catches household insects. It is found in many parts of the world, and its bite is not known to be dangerous to people.1

分布在

Native to Asia. Introduced to Canada, the USA, South America, Europe, South Africa, New Zealand, Hawaii and other areas.1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It lives in dark corners in and near buildings, where it builds its webs. It is often found around human dwellings.1

長度

6 mm (0,2 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,8 km/h（0,5 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It usually eats small insects and household pests that get caught in its web. If prey is too quick, it shoots web at it from a distance and then pulls the thread back in. Larger females can even attract baby skinks by hanging fly remains in their web.1

Common house spider 的照片 — Common house spider。照片：Rodrigo Paiva Lázaro。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Its colour varies from tan to nearly black, often with patterns of different shades on the body.1
Females are usually 5 to 6 mm long, and males are usually 3.8 to 4.7 mm long.1
With legs outspread, it can measure 2.5 cm or more across.1
Its webs are three-dimensional and built in dark corners.1

常被誤認為： Its body shape is similar to that of widow spiders. Males have a less bulbous (rounded) abdomen than females.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

It has neurotoxic venom, which attacks the nerves. Its bites are less severe than those of other theridiids (a family of cobweb spiders).1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Its bites are not known to be dangerous to humans. It bites people only in self-defence, when it is grabbed and squeezed.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It runs to a secure hiding place when it senses movement, and if cornered it plays dead as a last resort.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

小到可以坐在你的指甲上

Common house spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Common house spider 大約 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The assassin bug Stenolemus lanipes apparently feeds only on its young, though it can also eat adults.1

When food dries out, it usually drops it to the floor to free up space in its web, rather than rebuilding the web.1

It has poor eyesight and cannot detect movement more than three to four inches away.1

Males and females often share the same web for long periods, though females sometimes fight when they meet.1

破解迷思

迷思： Common house spiders are dangerous to people.

真相： Their venom is neurotoxic, but their bites are not known to be dangerous to humans. They bite only when grabbed and squeezed.1

給毒液專家

學名: Parasteatoda tepidariorum
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Theridiidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: Females hang their spherical egg sacs in their webs, with clutches averaging 149 eggs. The young stay in the mother's web for several days after hatching.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3