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Eastern green mamba 的卡通圖
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Eastern green mamba

Dendroaspis angusticeps
名字的由來： The species name angusticeps comes from Latin words meaning 'narrow' and 'head'.1
致命地球上最致命的動物之一。如果牠咬了你，要立刻求救。快速救援和抗毒血清能救活大多數人。立刻打緊急電話。
眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇 咬吃：肉
對人的危險: 致命世界上最危險的動物之一。

The eastern green mamba is a highly venomous snake with a slender body and bright green back. It lives in trees along the coasts of southern and East Africa. Although it is one of the most common green mambas, it is shy and usually hidden in leaves, so it is rarely seen.1

分布在
Coastal regions of East and southern Africa, from Kenya south through Tanzania and Mozambique to KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, plus Zanzibar.1
非洲
首頁
It is mainly a tree-dweller that prefers dense, shady vegetation, including forest, thickets and farm trees such as citrus, mango, coconut and cashew. In coastal East Africa it sometimes enters houses and may shelter in thatched roofs.1
長度
1,8 m 到 2,5 m (5,9 ft 到 8,2 ft)1
最高速度
大約 8,3 km/h（5,2 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
It eats birds and their eggs and chicks, small mammals including bats, arboreal rodents and arboreal lizards. It usually waits in ambush for prey, though it has also been seen actively hunting a sleeping bat.1
是真的！Eastern green mamba 的照片
Eastern green mamba。照片：Dick Culbert。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

  • Bright green upperparts, sometimes with a few isolated yellow scales.1
  • Pale yellow-green belly.1
  • Juveniles are blue-green and turn bright green at about 75 cm long.1
  • Long, slender, coffin-shaped head. It can flatten its neck into a slight hood when threatened.1
  • The inside of the mouth is white or bluish-white.1

常被誤認為： Green forms of the boomslang are often called green mambas in Southern Africa. They have larger eyes and shorter heads. Green bush snakes of the genus Philothamnus are often confused with smaller eastern green mambas. The boomslang is also venomous.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and cardiotoxins, which damage the heart. Symptoms include swelling at the bite, dizziness, nausea, dehydration, laboured breathing and difficulty swallowing. These can progress to irregular heartbeat, convulsions and respiratory paralysis, which stops breathing and can be fatal. Paralysis may be mild or absent.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 致命世界上最危險的動物之一。

A survey in southern Africa from 1957 to 1979 recorded 17 bites confirmed as eastern green mambas. Ten of these caused systemic envenomation, and no victims died. Bites are most common from September to February, the breeding season, when the snake is most irritable. The average dose able to kill a human is about 18 to 20 mg of venom, and one bite can deliver 60 to 95 mg (dry weight). In 2024, a YouTuber died after being bitten, following anaphylactic shock.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It is shy and avoids people and predators, attacking only when it feels threatened, and it can flatten its neck into a hood.1

如果牠咬人

  • Severe bites must be treated immediately on site, as they can quickly prove deadly.1
  • 讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院：抗毒血清就是治療方法。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Eastern green mamba 大約 2,5 m 長 (8,2 ft)大人的腳踏車 大約 1,8 m (5,9 ft)一台汽車 大約 4,5 m (15 ft)
跟 2,5 隻狗從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 14 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 43 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Eastern green mamba 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

Males fight each other during the breeding season, usually entwining and pushing to pin each other's heads down. These fights can last several hours, but the snakes do not bite each other.1

2

Unlike most elapid snakes, which hunt actively, it often waits in ambush for its prey, a style more common among vipers.1

3

On average, an individual moves only about 5.4 metres per day, and it can stay in the same place for days.1

4

It has the least toxic venom of the three green mamba species, but it is still highly venomous.1

5

The oldest recorded eastern green mamba was a captive snake that lived 18.8 years.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is an aggressive, fast-moving 'people-chaser'.

真相： It is shy and elusive, usually hidden in trees, and it generally avoids people. It attacks only when it feels threatened.1

給毒液專家

學名
Dendroaspis angusticeps
類群
眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇
家人
Elapidae2
排序
Squamata
各大洲
非洲
寶寶
The female lays 4 to 17 eggs, usually 10 to 15, in leaf litter in hollow trees, from October to November. The young measure about 30 to 45 cm in the wild.1
壽命
大約 18,8 年1
對人的危險
5 / 5: 致命3

知識的出處

  1. Eastern green mamba (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Dendroaspis angusticeps (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇

Black mamba眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Egyptian cobra眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Cape cobra眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Jameson's mamba眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Western green mamba眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Ashe's spitting cobra眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇可能致命

也分布在: 非洲

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