第 0644 號，共 1 402 號

Phinda button spider

Latrodectus umbukwane

名字的由來： It is named after the Phinda Private Game Reserve, where research specimens were collected.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蜘蛛

咬

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The Phinda button spider is a type of button, or widow, spider. It was formally described as a new species in 2019. It lives only in sand forests in northern Zululand, in South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal province, and is believed to be the largest member of its genus.1

分布在

Northern Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (known only from here as of 2019)1

非洲

首頁

It lives in lowland sand forest. Females build silk retreats in tree hollows and stumps more than 50 cm above the ground, higher than most other members of the genus. A single specimen was found in the garden of a house on Tembe Elephant Park, at the edge of disturbed sand forest.1

長度

4 cm (1,6 in)3

一般成體大小

最高速度

大約 0,98 km/h（0,61 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

Phinda button spider 的照片 — Phinda button spider。照片：Rudolph Steenkamp。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Females have red markings on both the top and underside of the abdomen, which no other African Latrodectus species has.1
Males have white markings on the underside of the abdomen, which darken with age.1
Egg sacs are large and smooth, bright purple when freshly laid, fading to shiny grey as they dry.1
Webs are not usually found outside the tree hollow. When present, they are typical hackle webs spreading out from the hollow.1

常被誤認為： Other African button spiders do not have the red markings on both the top and underside of the female abdomen, which is the main feature that sets this species apart.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長

Phinda button spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Phinda button spider 大約 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is believed to be the largest member of the button spider genus, Latrodectus.1

Its discovery was the first new addition to the genus in 28 years. Before this, 31 button or widow spiders were known, eight of them from Africa.1

Females nest in tree hollows and stumps higher above the ground than most other members of the genus.1

It was first found in 2014 in Tembe Elephant Park, but was only confirmed as a new species in 2019, after live specimens were collected from Phinda reserve.1

One female kept in a laboratory lived for two years until her natural death, and her offspring were also studied.1

給毒液專家

學名: Latrodectus umbukwane
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Theridiidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 非洲
寶寶: Females lay large, smooth egg sacs, which are bright purple when freshly laid.1
壽命: 大約 2 年1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3