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Mediterranean black widow 的卡通圖
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Mediterranean black widow

Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
名字的由來： The scientific name is Latin for "with thirteen spots", and the common name comes from the region where it is found.1
需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。
蜘蛛 咬吃：昆蟲
對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

The Mediterranean black widow is a shiny black spider with thirteen spots on its belly, usually red. It lives in grasslands and steppes around the Mediterranean and in central Asia. Only the female's bite is dangerous to people.1

分布在
Throughout the Mediterranean region and central Asia, including Corsica and Kazakhstan.1
歐洲, 亞洲, 非洲
首頁
It mainly lives in steppes and other grasslands. It can be a significant problem where grain is harvested by hand, and farm workers in the fields have been bitten.1
長度
1,5 cm (0,6 in)1
最高速度
大約 0,92 km/h（0,57 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
It lays out a web and rushes boldly at insects, even ones larger than itself.1
是真的！Mediterranean black widow 的照片
Mediterranean black widow。照片：Roman。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

  • Black in colour, with thirteen spots on the upper side of the abdomen.1
  • The spots are usually red, but may also be yellow or orange.1
  • The female has a body length of about 7 to 15 mm. The male is smaller, at 4 to 7 mm at most.1
  • It lays out a web and waits for prey.1

常被誤認為： It is similar to other widow species in the genus Latrodectus. The thirteen spots on the abdomen help tell it apart.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its bite is painful. The venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves. Several neurotoxins that are specific to crustaceans and insects have been found in it. The bite is fatal in rare cases.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Its bite is painful and can be fatal in rare cases. Epidemics of bites have been reported, and Ukrainian farm workers have been bitten in the fields. In Kazakhstan, where it is called karakurt, it has been reported to bite and kill camels. Only the female's bite is dangerous to people and cattle, because the male cannot get through the thick outer skin.1

如果牠咬人

  • 清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Mediterranean black widow 大約 1,5 cm 長 (0,6 in)一粒米 大約 7 mm (0,3 in)一枚 1 歐元硬幣 大約 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
比你的小指頭還短

Mediterranean black widow 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

The French entomologist Jean Henri Fabre wrote about its fearsome reputation in Corsica, where it is called the malmignatte.1

2

Peptides from its venom can inhibit angiotensin-1-converting enzyme, an enzyme involved in blood pressure control.1

3

Its venom has been measured, with a lethal dose figure of 0.59 mg/kg.1

4

In Kazakhstan it is called karakurt, which means "black bug".1

給毒液專家

學名
Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
類群
蜘蛛
家人
Theridiidae2
排序
Araneae
各大洲
歐洲, 亞洲, 非洲
對人的危險
3 / 5: 嚴重3

知識的出處

  1. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 蜘蛛

Six-eyed sand spider蜘蛛需要看醫生Brown widow蜘蛛只是會痛Diving bell spider蜘蛛只是會痛European yellow sac spider蜘蛛只是會痛Noble false widow蜘蛛只是會痛Tarantula wolf spider蜘蛛只是會痛

也分布在: 歐洲

Common European adder蝰蛇需要看醫生Spanish fly其他有毒動物需要看醫生不要碰Common wasp蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂只是會痛European hornet蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂只是會痛Fire salamander箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈只是會痛不要碰Western honey bee蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂只是會痛
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