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Red widow 的卡通圖
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Red widow

Latrodectus bishopi
名字的由來： The name bishopi honours Marshall B. Bishop, who collected the specimens used to describe the spider.1
只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。
蜘蛛 咬吃：肉
對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The red widow is a venomous spider that lives only in Florida, in the dry, sandy scrub where sand pine trees grow. It is a close relative of the black widow, but it rarely comes into contact with people, so it is not often met. Its bright red colours make it easy to recognise.1

分布在
Central and southern Florida, USA1
北美洲
首頁
It lives mainly in sand-pine scrub, which is inland areas of dry sand dunes covered in sand pine trees. It builds most of its webs in palmetto bushes, at least 30 cm above the ground. It seldom comes into contact with humans.1
長度
4 cm (1,6 in)3
一般成體大小
最高速度
大約 0,98 km/h（0,61 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
It is a predator of the insect Hemisphaerota cyanea. It catches prey in its tangled webs, then retreats to a funnel-shaped hideaway below.1
是真的！Red widow 的照片
Red widow。照片：Stevenklioze00。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

  • The cephalothorax (the front part of the body) is red-orange.1
  • The abdomen is black, with yellow rings outlining rows of red spots.1
  • The legs are vermilion red.1
  • The underside does not have the familiar hourglass marking. It usually has one or two small red marks instead.1
  • Females are almost double the size of males.1

常被誤認為： It is closely related to the black widow (Latrodectus mactans). The two can be told apart by features of the male and female genitalia, which are examined under magnification. The red widow's male embolus has one fewer loop, and the female's connecting ducts to the spermatheca also have one fewer loop.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The red widow is venomous like other members of the genus Latrodectus. In a documented bite, the main effect was a mildly painful throbbing sensation that lasted several hours. The median lethal dose (LD50) of its venom in mice is 2.20 mg/kg, and each spider contains about 0.157 mg of venom.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

No bites from this spider are recorded in the medical literature. It seldom comes into contact with humans, unlike the black and brown widows, which live close to people. One documented bite caused a mildly painful throbbing that lasted several hours.1

如果牠咬人

  • 清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Red widow 大約 4 cm 長 (1,6 in)一根迴紋針 大約 3 cm (1,2 in)一支智慧型手機 大約 15 cm (5,9 in)
大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長

Red widow 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

A bite was filmed and documented in 2023 by biologist Spencer Hoffman, one of the few recorded bites from this species.1

2

Females are almost double the size of males.1

3

Its predators are thought to include sphecid wasps and the Florida scrub jay.1

4

It lives in sand-pine scrub, a habitat found only in Florida and coastal Alabama.1

破解迷思

迷思： All widow spiders have the hourglass marking on the underside.

真相： The red widow does not have the familiar hourglass marking. It usually has one or two small red marks instead.1

給毒液專家

學名
Latrodectus bishopi
類群
蜘蛛
家人
Theridiidae2
排序
Araneae
各大洲
北美洲
寶寶
The spider stores its egg sacs in its funnel-shaped retreat.1
牠在野外的狀況
Threatened (in the United States)1
對人的危險
2 / 5: 疼痛3

知識的出處

  1. Latrodectus bishopi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Latrodectus bishopi (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 蜘蛛

Brown recluse蜘蛛需要看醫生Southern black widow蜘蛛需要看醫生Northern black widow蜘蛛需要看醫生Western black widow蜘蛛需要看醫生Bold jumping spider蜘蛛無害Golden silk orb-weaver蜘蛛無害

也分布在: 北美洲

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